Deltoid Compartment Syndrome following Shoulder Arthroscopy: A Case Report

Abstract

Acute deltoid compartment syndrome is a rare event. This is a report of a 70-year-old male who developed an acute deltoid compartment syndrome after a shoulder arthroscopy. Due to a mechanical heart valve, the patient was required to remain on anticoagulation for the procedure. A bony acromioplasty and arthroscopic biceps tenodesis were performed. On the first day after surgery increased swelling and pressure consistent with a hematoma was appreciated. The pressure caused increased deltoid compartment pressures. A diagnosis of compartment syndrome was made, and the patient was treated with an emergent decompression and delayed closure. He went on to have no deficits and excellent improvement in pain control. We recommend close observation for all patients who must remain on anticoagulation and require a bony procedure during shoulder arthroscopy.