Determinan Kejadian Cedera pada Kelompok Pekerja Usia Produktif di Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract International Labor Organization (ILO) in 2008 estimated that 14 % of the 2.34 million people died as a result of work-related accidents. In Indonesia, work-related accidents data are still limited and only focus on the formal sector. The research purpose was to identify the determinant of the injury in Indonesia productive age (15-64 years old) workers.This study was a further analysis of National Health Research (Riskesdas data) in 2013. The data were analyzed by complex sample with significance level 0.05 and 95% confidence intervals. The workers who met the study criterias were 405,984 persons. The determinant of injury was age, gender, hypertension, region area, visual and hearing impairment, education, diabetes mellitus, marrital status, body mass index, occupation, economical status, subdistrict area (OR adjusted 1.1-2.17 p≤0.009). The injury of the 15-24 years old group was 2.17 times higher than 55-64 years old group, males were injured 1.8 times higher than females, workers who had hypertension were 1.6 times than normotension. Workers stayed in Eastern Indonesia Region was injured 1.5 times higher than in Sumatra Region, and workers with hearing impairment in both ears were injured 1.5 times higher than normal hearing. The main determinant of injury in productive age workers was age, gender, hypertension, and hearing impairment. Efforts to prevent injury were required, especially for young workers. Keywords : workers, injury, productive age, Indonesia, Riskesdas 2013 Abstrak International Labor Organization (ILO) memperkirakan 14% dari 2,34 juta orang meninggal dunia akibat kecelakaan kerja (2008). Di Indonesia, data terkait kecelakaan yang berhubungan dengan pekerjaan masih terbatas dan hanya fokus pada pekerja sektor formal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan determinan kejadian cedera pada pekerja usia produktif (15-64 tahun) di Indonesia, menggunakan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) Tahun 2013. Data dianalisis dengan kompleks sampel, tingkat kemaknaan 0,05 dan confidence interval 95%. Jumlah pekerja yang dianalisis 405,984 orang. Determinan kejadian cedera adalah umur, jenis kelamin, hipertensi, kawasan tempat tinggal, gangguan penglihatan dan pendengaran, pendidikan, diabetes mellitus, status perkawinan, status gizi, jenis pekerjaan, status ekonomi, dan lokasi tempat tinggal (OR adjusted 1.1-2.17 p≤0.009). Kejadian cedera pada pekerja umur 15-24 tahun 2,17 kali dibandingkan umur 55-64 tahun, pada laki-laki 1,8 kali dibandingkan perempuan, mereka yang menderita hipertensi 1,6 kali dibandingkan yang tidak hipertensi. Pekerja yang tinggal di Kawasan Timur Indonesia 1,5 kali lebih banyak yang cedera dibandingkan di Kawasan Sumatera, sedangkan yang menderita gangguan pendengaran kedua telinga 1,5 kali lebih banyak cedera dibandingkan pendengaran normal. Determinan utama cedera pada pekerja usia produktif adalah umur diikuti jenis kelamin, hipertensi, dan gangguan pendengaran. Upaya untuk mencegah kejadian cedera diperlukan khususnya bagi pekerja usia muda. Kata kunci : pekerja, cedera, usia produktif, Indonesia, Riskesdas 2013