Variabilidad espacial de los atributos químicos del suelo en el rendimiento y calidad de café

Abstract

Given the environmental and economic importance of the rational use of inputs for a competitive and sustainable agriculture, a greater understanding of the different variables involved in agricultural production is required. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish the spatial behavior of the chemical properties of the soil and their relationship with coffee yield and quality on Typic Hapludands. Sampling was done randomly in 64 georeferenced points to a depth of -0.20. Data were analyzed using descriptive and geostatistics statistics, linear correlations and multivariate methods cluster and principal components (PCA); additionally, the interpolation of data was conducted using the kriging method. The descriptive analysis showed high variability for chemical attributes, in terms of geostatistics, the results showed spatial dependence for all attributes except for the content of B in the soil. There was a 35.88 % correlation between the soil attributes (SOC content) and the attributes of the crop (yield). Besides, an inverse relationship of 40.98 % between the reduction in threshing (decrease) and the Ca content in soil was observed. Both principal analysis (PCA) components and cluster analysis showed less relevance to the analysis on the attributes Na, P, B and yield. From cluster analysis and spatial distribution, management of coffee growing is proposed.