The prognostic value of MMP-9 expression in lung adenocarcinoma

Q4 Medicine
Ljiljana Tadić-Latinović, Aleksandra Salapura-Dugonjic, Ž. Eri, S. Knežević-Ušaj, Milana Panjković, L. Amidžić, I. Baroš, B. Jakovljević
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

www.onk.ns.ac.rs/Archive Vol 21, No. 3-4, December 2013 INTRODUCTION Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death throughout the world. Approximately one million people, 850,000 men and 330,000 women, die of lung cancer per year (1). Despite some advances in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer in the last several decades, the prognosis of lung cancer remains poor. The overall 5-year survival rate of lung cancer is approximately 12.4% of all newly detected cases in the world, and <9% in developing countries (2, 3). The MMP family comprises 23 human enzymes that traditionally have long been associated with cancer invasion and metastasis because of their ability to degrade the extracellular matrix. However, recent studies have showed that the roles of MMPs in tumour development and metastasis are much more complex than was originally envisioned. In vitro and animal studies have demonstrated that MMPs are also the key mediators of growth factor activation, bioavailability and receptor signalling, cell adhesion and motility, apoptosis and survival mechanisms, angiogenesis, and inflammatory responses and immune surveillance (4). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are the group of enzymes responsible for degradation of certain extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen, proteoglycan, elastin, laminin and fibronectin. Malignant diseases are accompanied with higher expression of matrix metalloproteinases and lower concentrations of the tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP), also resulting in an increased proteolytic activity. The presence of matrix metalloproteinases was discovered on the surface of invasive tumor cells (5). Degradation of the basal membrane and extracellular matrix presents the key step in the process of intravasation and extravasation of tumor cells (6). MMP-9 belongs to the gelatinases group, synthesized by keratinocytes, monocytes, alveolar macrophages, polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes, and in many cancer cells. Tumor invasion is a multi-phase process in which the cell motility is associated with controlled proteolysis and includes interaction between tumor cells and extracellular matrix. During the invasion process, malignant tumor cells are detached from the primary tumor, migrate through structural barriers such as the basal membrane and surrounding extracellular matrix rich in collagen. Degradation of the stromal extracellular matrix is also considered one of the key steps in the process of tumor angiogenesis (7). It has been proved that the activity of matrix metalloproteinases is necessary for increased motility of epithelial cells, as well as for the growth of metastatic deposits. Research has confirmed that MMP-2 and MMP-9 have an exceptionally significant role in metastasizing, due to their ability to degrade type IV The prognostic value of mmp-9 expression in lung adenocarcinoma
肺腺癌中MMP-9表达的预后价值
www.onk.ns.ac.rs/Archive第21卷,第3-4号,2013年12月简介肺癌是全世界主要的死亡原因之一。每年约有100万人(85万男性和33万女性)死于肺癌(1)。尽管在过去几十年里,肺癌的诊断和治疗取得了一些进展,但肺癌的预后仍然很差。在全球所有新发现病例中,肺癌的总体5年生存率约为12.4%,在发展中国家低于9%(2,3)。MMP家族包括23种人类酶,由于其降解细胞外基质的能力,传统上一直与癌症侵袭和转移有关。然而,最近的研究表明,MMPs在肿瘤发展和转移中的作用比最初设想的要复杂得多。体外和动物研究表明,基质金属蛋白酶也是生长因子激活、生物利用度和受体信号传导、细胞粘附和运动、细胞凋亡和存活机制、血管生成、炎症反应和免疫监视的关键介质(4)。基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)是一组负责降解某些细胞外基质蛋白的酶,如胶原、蛋白聚糖、弹性蛋白、层粘连蛋白和纤维连接蛋白。恶性疾病伴随着基质金属蛋白酶的高表达和基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂(TIMP)的低浓度,也导致蛋白水解活性增加。在侵袭性肿瘤细胞表面发现基质金属蛋白酶的存在(5)。基底膜和细胞外基质的降解是肿瘤细胞内渗和外渗过程中的关键步骤(6)。MMP-9属于明胶酶组,由角质形成细胞、单核细胞、肺泡巨噬细胞、多形核中性粒细胞合成,在许多癌细胞中也存在。肿瘤侵袭是一个多阶段的过程,在这个过程中,细胞的运动与受控的蛋白水解有关,包括肿瘤细胞与细胞外基质的相互作用。在侵袭过程中,恶性肿瘤细胞脱离原发肿瘤,通过结构屏障如基底膜和周围富含胶原的细胞外基质进行迁移。基质细胞外基质的降解也被认为是肿瘤血管生成过程中的关键步骤之一(7)。已经证明,基质金属蛋白酶的活性对于增加上皮细胞的运动性以及转移沉积物的生长是必要的。研究证实,由于MMP-2和MMP-9具有降解IV型肺腺癌的能力,它们在转移中具有异常显著的作用
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来源期刊
Archive of Oncology
Archive of Oncology Medicine-Oncology
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
5
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Archive of Oncology is an international oncology journal that publishes original research, editorials, review articles, case (clinical) reports, and news from oncology (medical, surgical, radiation), experimental oncology, cancer epidemiology, and prevention. Letters are also welcomed. Archive of Oncology is covered by Biomedicina Vojvodina, Biomedicina Serbica, Biomedicina Oncologica, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, ExtraMED and SCOPUS.
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