Liposome and polymer-based nanomaterials for vaccine applications

IF 1.4 Q4 NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY
P. Roopngam
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引用次数: 18

Abstract

Nanoparticles (NPs) are effective and safe adjuvants for antigen delivery in modern vaccinology. Biodegradable nanomaterials with suitable properties are frequently applied for conjugation or loading with antigens; they protect the antigens from degradation in vivo. NPs are applied as effective delivery system to facilitate antigen uptake by antigen presenting cells (APCs) and especially dendritic cells (DCs) both in vitro and in vivo. Using nanoparticles to target DCs is an effective method to deliver antigens and potent immunomodulators. Uptake of NPs by DCs enhances the intracellular process of antigens and the antigen presentation pathway by MHC class I and II molecules to induce both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses. Liposome and polymer-based NPs are now extensively applied as effective adjuvants or immunomodulators in several types of vaccines. In this review, the nanomaterials for vaccine application are focused intensively in poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA), dendrimers, liposomes, nanogels and micelles which are the targeted antigen delivery system, and present high potential as a promising future strategy for DNA-based, bacterial and viral vaccines. Further advances in nanotechnology and molecular immunology techniques will enhance the success of targeting and lead to the next generation of nano-delivery systems.
用于疫苗应用的脂质体和聚合物纳米材料
纳米颗粒(NPs)是现代疫苗学中有效和安全的抗原递送佐剂。具有合适性能的可生物降解纳米材料常用于抗原的偶联或负载;它们保护抗原在体内不被降解。在体外和体内,NPs作为一种有效的递送系统,促进抗原提呈细胞(APCs),特别是树突状细胞(DCs)对抗原的摄取。利用纳米颗粒靶向树突状细胞是一种递送抗原和强效免疫调节剂的有效方法。dc对NPs的摄取增强了细胞内抗原的过程和MHC I类和II类分子的抗原递呈途径,从而诱导CD4+和CD8+ t细胞反应。脂质体和基于聚合物的NPs现在作为有效的佐剂或免疫调节剂广泛应用于几种类型的疫苗中。在这篇综述中,纳米材料的疫苗应用集中在聚(乳酸-羟基乙酸)酸(PLGA),树状大分子,脂质体,纳米凝胶和胶束这些靶向抗原递送系统,并显示出很高的潜力,作为一个有前途的未来策略基于dna,细菌和病毒的疫苗。纳米技术和分子免疫学技术的进一步发展将提高靶向治疗的成功率,并导致下一代纳米递送系统的出现。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Nanomedicine Journal
Nanomedicine Journal NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY-
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
12 weeks
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