{"title":"Estilos de socialización parental en una muestra de adolescentes chilenos","authors":"Alfredo Espinoza García","doi":"10.21134/RPCNA.2020.07.1.6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"espanolLos estilos de socializacion parental (ESP) han sido motivo de estudio debido a las consecuencias que pueden presentar en la vida de una persona. Los estilos pueden variar en funcion de variables contextuales como la cultura, creencias, educacion, tipos de familia o nivel socioeconomico (NSE). El principal objetivo de estudio fue describir los ESP como una aproximacion a la forma de crianza utilizada por padres, madres o cuidadores en Chile. Se realizo un estudio no experimental-descriptivo con una muestra de 875 adolescentes entre 11 y 18 anos (M = 14.12; DT = 1.82), 51% varones, de cuatro NSE (bajo, medio bajo, medio y medio alto) y de siete ciudades de Chile. Se utilizo un cuestionario sociodemografico para caracterizar a la muestra y el Cuestionario de Estilos de Socializacion Parental en la Adolescencia (ESPA29). Los resultados evidencian diferencias en la configuracion de los ESP. En madres, la configuracion de los ESP (en orden descendente) fue: democratico, indulgente, negligente y autoritario y en padres: indulgente, negligente, democratico y autoritario, con diferencias segun NSE. En el bajo son percibidos por sus hijos como mayoritariamente indulgentes, mientras que, en el medio alto, ambos padres son considerados mayoritariamente democraticos. Hay tambien diferencias en la configuracion de ESP segun sexo. Estos resultados permitirian focalizar intervenciones en las comunidades educativas sobre la importancia de la crianza y diferencias o caracteristicas entre estilos. Tambien puede ser util como base a otras investigaciones sobre consecuencias parentales en variables como rendimiento academico, problemas conductuales, emocionales o de personalidad. EnglishParental socialization styles in a sample of Chilean adolescents. The styles of parental socialization (ESP) have been the subject of different studies in the social sciences and especially in psychology due to the consequences that styles can present in the life of a person. The literature has evidence that styles may vary depending on contextual variables such as culture, beliefs, education, family types or socioeconomic levels (NSE). The main objective of the study was to describe the ESP as an approximation to the form of parenting used by parents, mothers or caregivers (PMC) in Chile. A non-experimental-descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 875 adolescents aged between 11 and 18 years (M = 14.12, SD = 1.82), 51% males, of four NSE (low, medium low, medium and medium high) from seven cities in Chile. A sociodemographic survey was used to characterize the sample, and the Styles of Parental Socialization in Adolescence Questionnaire (ESPA29). The results show differences in the configuration of ESP between PMC. In mothers, the configuration of ESP (in descending order) was: democratic, indulgent, negligent and authoritarian and in parents: indulgent, negligent, democratic and authoritarian, there are differences according to NSE. In the low are perceived by their children as mostly forgiving, while in the upper middle, both parents are considered mostly democratic. There are also differences in the ESP configuration according to sex. These results would allow to focus interventions in educational communities on the importance of parenting and differences or characteristics between styles. It can also be useful as a basis for other research on parental consequences in variables such as academic performance, behavioral, emotional and personality problems","PeriodicalId":43399,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.21134/RPCNA.2020.07.1.6","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
espanolLos estilos de socializacion parental (ESP) han sido motivo de estudio debido a las consecuencias que pueden presentar en la vida de una persona. Los estilos pueden variar en funcion de variables contextuales como la cultura, creencias, educacion, tipos de familia o nivel socioeconomico (NSE). El principal objetivo de estudio fue describir los ESP como una aproximacion a la forma de crianza utilizada por padres, madres o cuidadores en Chile. Se realizo un estudio no experimental-descriptivo con una muestra de 875 adolescentes entre 11 y 18 anos (M = 14.12; DT = 1.82), 51% varones, de cuatro NSE (bajo, medio bajo, medio y medio alto) y de siete ciudades de Chile. Se utilizo un cuestionario sociodemografico para caracterizar a la muestra y el Cuestionario de Estilos de Socializacion Parental en la Adolescencia (ESPA29). Los resultados evidencian diferencias en la configuracion de los ESP. En madres, la configuracion de los ESP (en orden descendente) fue: democratico, indulgente, negligente y autoritario y en padres: indulgente, negligente, democratico y autoritario, con diferencias segun NSE. En el bajo son percibidos por sus hijos como mayoritariamente indulgentes, mientras que, en el medio alto, ambos padres son considerados mayoritariamente democraticos. Hay tambien diferencias en la configuracion de ESP segun sexo. Estos resultados permitirian focalizar intervenciones en las comunidades educativas sobre la importancia de la crianza y diferencias o caracteristicas entre estilos. Tambien puede ser util como base a otras investigaciones sobre consecuencias parentales en variables como rendimiento academico, problemas conductuales, emocionales o de personalidad. EnglishParental socialization styles in a sample of Chilean adolescents. The styles of parental socialization (ESP) have been the subject of different studies in the social sciences and especially in psychology due to the consequences that styles can present in the life of a person. The literature has evidence that styles may vary depending on contextual variables such as culture, beliefs, education, family types or socioeconomic levels (NSE). The main objective of the study was to describe the ESP as an approximation to the form of parenting used by parents, mothers or caregivers (PMC) in Chile. A non-experimental-descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 875 adolescents aged between 11 and 18 years (M = 14.12, SD = 1.82), 51% males, of four NSE (low, medium low, medium and medium high) from seven cities in Chile. A sociodemographic survey was used to characterize the sample, and the Styles of Parental Socialization in Adolescence Questionnaire (ESPA29). The results show differences in the configuration of ESP between PMC. In mothers, the configuration of ESP (in descending order) was: democratic, indulgent, negligent and authoritarian and in parents: indulgent, negligent, democratic and authoritarian, there are differences according to NSE. In the low are perceived by their children as mostly forgiving, while in the upper middle, both parents are considered mostly democratic. There are also differences in the ESP configuration according to sex. These results would allow to focus interventions in educational communities on the importance of parenting and differences or characteristics between styles. It can also be useful as a basis for other research on parental consequences in variables such as academic performance, behavioral, emotional and personality problems