Memoria de trabajo y velocidad de procesamiento evaluado mediante WISC-IV como claves en la evaluación del TDAH

Abstract

espanolLos procesos cognitivos medidos mediante la prueba WISC-IV que con mas frecuencia se han relacionado con el TDAH son la memoria de trabajo y la velocidad de procesamiento. Sin embargo, existe controversia sobre la existencia de un perfil cognitivo para el TDAH segun su presentacion sea inatenta o combinada. El primer objetivo fue corroborar si existen para nuestra muestra correlaciones entre el perfil cognitivo obtenido a traves del WISC-IV. El segundo, discernir entre las diferentes presentaciones clinicas. Para ello se selecciono un grupo control compuesto por 31 sujetos y otro clinico compuesto por 95 sujetos diagnosticados de TDAH. En comparacion con el grupo control, el grupo clinico presento resultados significativamente mas bajos en los indices coeficiente intelectual total, memoria de trabajo y velocidad de procesamiento. Por otra parte, el grupo clinico presento puntuaciones en el indice de capacidad general significativamente superior a las del indice de competencia cognitiva. EnglishWork memory and processing speed evaluated through WISC-IV as keys in the evaluation of ADHD. The cognitive processes that are measured by the scale WISC-IV, which has most often been related to ADHD, Working Memory and Processing Speed. However, there is some controversy concerning the existence of a cognitive profile for ADHD that is related to whether its presentation is of the inattentive type or the combined type. The primary aim of this study was to corroborate whether there are correlations between the cognitive profile obtained through WISC-IV for our sample. The secondary aim of this study was to determine whether that profile allows to discern between the different clinical presentations by using a control group composed of 31 subjects and a clinical group consisting of 95 subjects diagnosed with ADHD. Compared to the control group, the clinical group presented significantly lower results in Intelligence Quotient, Working Memory Index and Processing speed Index. Finally, the clinical group presented scores for the General Capacity Index that were significantly higher than for the Cognitive Competency Index.