Economic Consequence of Human - Hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibious) Conflicts on Farming Livelihood in Rural Adamawa State, Nigeria

Celestine Lumbonyi, Patrick Boni, Ibrahim Lumbonyi, A. Michael
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Abstract

Human-animal conflict is posing a severe threat to wildlife conservation as well as the long-term viability of farming communities. This study assessed the economic consequence of human-hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibious) conflicts on rural livelihoods in Adamawa state, Nigeria. The study had the following specific goals; describe the direct effects of Human Hippopotamus Conflict (HHC) on livelihoods in the study area, and estimate the agricultural economic losses incurred in the area as a result of HHC. A mixed research method was used to collect primary data from 371 crop farmers. The study relied on descriptive statistics in the analysis of the data collected between February to May 2019. The study found that Groundnut, Cowpea, and maize were among the most severely damaged crops at their mid-stage of development based on land size. In terms of the monetary value of the damages, sweet potato is the most affected. The study concluded that farmers should work as a team and adopt measures like fencing, scare tactics, or deterrents that will minimize significant crop losses. Also, there is the need for local awareness on the importance of Hippopotamus conservation in the area.
人与河马(两栖河马)冲突对尼日利亚阿达马瓦州农村农业生计的经济影响
人与动物的冲突对野生动物保护以及农业社区的长期生存能力构成了严重威胁。本研究评估了人与河马(两栖河马)冲突对尼日利亚阿达马瓦州农村生计的经济影响。该研究有以下具体目标:描述了人类河马冲突(HHC)对研究地区生计的直接影响,并估计了人类河马冲突给该地区造成的农业经济损失。采用混合研究方法收集了371名种植户的原始数据。该研究在分析2019年2月至5月收集的数据时依赖描述性统计。研究发现,花生、豇豆和玉米是处于发展中期的作物中受损最严重的。就损害的货币价值而言,红薯受到的影响最大。该研究的结论是,农民应该作为一个团队工作,并采取诸如围栏、恐吓战术或威慑等措施,以尽量减少重大的作物损失。此外,当地也需要意识到保护该地区河马的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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