Safety Critical Incidents Among Small Construction Contractors: A Prospective Case Study

T. Smith-Jackson, S. Artis, Yu-Hsiu Hung, H. N. Kim, Caleb T. Hughes, B. Kleiner, A. Nolden
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引用次数: 10

Abstract

According to a 2006 Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) report, approximately 90% of construction companies employ 20 or fewer workers; of these, 30% specialize in residential construction. Contractors with 10 or fewer employees are exempt from OSHA reporting requirements, unless a fatality occurs or an injury/illness leads to lost workdays for three or more employees (29 CFR 1904.1, Subpart B). This qualitative case study was conducted to understand character- istics and work patterns to develop a clearer understanding of the natural context of work, especially given the underre- porting of safety information by small construction companies. A prospective study was conducted in which construction workers logged critical incidents for four weeks. Definitions and examples of critical incidents were given to workers, along with a data logging notebook with structured questions. Workers could report the events immediately upon occur- rence or after the workday ended. A total of 102 critical incidents were reported. Content (axial coding) and cluster analy- ses were used to analyze the logs and to extract important descriptors and patterns. Results were used to characterize in- jury types, antecedents, time-of-day, and family-work involvement. Descriptions regarding the training-, resource-, and planning-related practices of small construction workers focused on the unique challenges that impose barriers and con- straints on safety climate.
小型建筑承建商安全重大事件之前瞻性个案研究
根据2006年劳工统计局(BLS)的报告,大约90%的建筑公司雇佣的工人不超过20人;其中30%专门从事住宅建设。拥有10名或更少雇员的承包商不受OSHA报告要求的约束,除非发生死亡事件或受伤/疾病导致3名或更多雇员失去工作日(29 CFR 1904.1,子部分B)。本定性案例研究的目的是了解特征和工作模式,以更清楚地了解工作的自然环境,特别是考虑到小型建筑公司对安全信息的报告不足。在一项前瞻性研究中,建筑工人记录了四个星期的关键事件。工人们得到了关键事件的定义和例子,以及一个带有结构化问题的数据记录笔记本。工人们可以在事件发生时立即报告,也可以在工作日结束后报告。报告共发生102起重大事故。内容(轴向编码)和聚类分析用于分析日志并提取重要的描述符和模式。结果被用来描述陪审团类型、前因、时间和家庭工作参与。关于小型建筑工人的培训、资源和规划相关实践的描述侧重于对安全气候施加障碍和约束的独特挑战。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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