Biodegradable Conductive Nerve Conduits Based on Carbon Apatite-Biopolymer Biomaterials: Synthesis and Properties

Abstract

The mini-review examines the current state of the problem of peripheral nerve (PN) regeneration, including details of the internal structure of PN, types of their damage, biochemical aspects, in particular the function of Schwann cells, macrophages, intermolecular interactions of cell membrane receptors with extra-cellular matrix proteins, which are involved in the peripheral nerve regeneration process. The development of artificial nerve tubes (conduits) to suture the distal and proximal ends of the damaged nerve with an artificial conduit is the main strategy for PN recovery. Emphasis is placed on the use of leading biomaterials of the new generation, in particular, based on natural polysaccharides (alginate - Alg and chitosan - CS) and carbon nanoparticles CNP (single and multi wall carbon nanotubes – SWCNTs/MWCNTs, graphene - G, graphene oxide - GO or fullerene - C 60 ) obtained in the Sumy