Computational modelling techniques in the optimization of corrosion control for reducing lead in Canadian drinking water

IF 2 Q3 Environmental Science

Water Quality Research Journal of Canada Pub Date : 2014-02-01 DOI:10.2166/WQRJC.2013.009

C. Hayes, T. Croft, A. Campbell, I. Douglas, P. Gadoury, M. Schock

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Compliance modelling has been used to good effect in the optimization of plumbosolvency control in the UK and was evaluated in the Canadian and US contexts via three case studies. In relation to regulatory compliance, supplementary orthophosphate dosing could be justified in one water supply system but not in one other. Compliance modelling indicated that Health Canada's Tier 1 protocol is much less stringent than its Tier 2 protocol and that optimization based on 6+ hour stagnation samples vs 15 μg/l is likely to be more stringent than that based on 30 min stagnation samples vs 10 μg/l. The modelling of sequential sampling for an individual home indicated that sample results could be markedly affected by the length of the lead service line, by the length of the copper premise pipe and by pipe diameters. The results for sequential sampling were also dependent on flow characteristics (plug vs laminar). For either regulatory compliance assessment or for the optimization of plumbosolvency control measures, routine sequential sampling from the same houses at a normalized flow will minimize these variable effects.

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加拿大饮用水中减少铅的腐蚀控制优化中的计算建模技术

在英国，合规建模已被用于优化铅铅偿付能力控制，并通过三个案例研究在加拿大和美国进行了评估。关于法规遵从性，补充正磷酸盐剂量在一个供水系统中是合理的，但在另一个供水系统中则不是。合规性建模表明，加拿大卫生部的第1级方案远不如第2级方案严格，并且基于6小时以上停滞样品和15 μg/l的优化可能比基于30分钟停滞样品和10 μg/l的优化更严格。对单个家庭的连续抽样建模表明，抽样结果可能受到铅服务管道长度、铜前提管道长度和管道直径的显著影响。顺序取样的结果也取决于流动特性(塞式与层流)。对于法规符合性评估或铅溶度控制措施的优化，以标准化流量从同一房屋进行常规顺序采样将最大限度地减少这些可变影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Water Quality Research Journal of Canada WATER RESOURCES-

CiteScore

1.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Water Quality Research Journal publishes peer-reviewed, scholarly articles on the following general subject areas: Impact of current and emerging contaminants on aquatic ecosystems Aquatic ecology (ecohydrology and ecohydraulics, invasive species, biodiversity, and aquatic species at risk) Conservation and protection of aquatic environments Responsible resource development and water quality (mining, forestry, hydropower, oil and gas) Drinking water, wastewater and stormwater treatment technologies and strategies Impacts and solutions of diffuse pollution (urban and agricultural run-off) on water quality Industrial water quality Used water: Reuse and resource recovery Groundwater quality (management, remediation, fracking, legacy contaminants) Assessment of surface and subsurface water quality Regulations, economics, strategies and policies related to water quality Social science issues in relation to water quality Water quality in remote areas Water quality in cold climates The Water Quality Research Journal is a quarterly publication. It is a forum for original research dealing with the aquatic environment, and should report new and significant findings that advance the understanding of the field. Critical review articles are especially encouraged.