Review of nasal drugs for prevention and treatment of airborne infections

Q4 Medicine

Infektsionnye Bolezni Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.20953/1729-9225-2023-2-82-94

A. G. Lyutov, V. Aleshkin, L. Novikova, S. Bochkareva, O. M. Kostrova, A. Aleshkin, M. M. Zueva

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Airborne infections constitute an extensive group of human diseases. The first barrier to the penetration of infectious agents is the oropharyngeal mucosa, where the autonomic immune system plays a special role. Therefore, maintaining the active function of mucosal immunity and its correction in situ, in the focus of inflammation, is an important way to stop respiratory infections. The coronavirus pandemic has spurred the search for effective means of preventing and treating viral diseases. Various nasal formulations have been proposed with barrier, virucidal, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. An important place belongs to antibodies directed against a specific pathogen, for which it is proposed to use monoclonal antibodies, antibodies isolated from eggs of immunized chickens, nano-antibodies of representatives of the Camelid family, or colostrum antibodies of vaccinated cows. In our opinion, it is more attractive to use antibodies isolated from human blood plasma, which have a wide spectrum of activity, therefore, in the case of mixed infection or difficult diagnosis, they can have a preventive or therapeutic effect against many pathogens. Nasal drops or spray containing human immunoglobulin can be an effective treatment for many bacterial and viral infections, including COVID-19. Key words: аirborne infections, COVID-19, prevention, nasal drugs, antibodies, human immunoglobulin

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预防和治疗空气传播感染的鼻用药物综述

空气传染构成了一大类人类疾病。感染因子渗透的第一道屏障是口咽黏膜，其中自主免疫系统起着特殊的作用。因此，维持粘膜免疫的主动功能，并在炎症的焦点处就地纠正，是阻止呼吸道感染的重要途径。冠状病毒大流行促使人们寻找预防和治疗病毒性疾病的有效手段。各种鼻腔制剂已被提出具有屏障、杀毒、抗炎和抗菌的特性。针对特定病原体的抗体占有重要地位，建议使用单克隆抗体、从免疫鸡的鸡蛋中分离的抗体、骆驼科代表的纳米抗体或接种牛的初乳抗体。我们认为，使用从人血浆中分离出来的抗体更有吸引力，这些抗体具有广泛的活性谱，因此，在混合感染或难以诊断的情况下，它们可以对许多病原体具有预防或治疗作用。含有人类免疫球蛋白的滴鼻液或喷雾剂可有效治疗包括COVID-19在内的许多细菌和病毒感染。关键词:病毒性感染，COVID-19，预防，鼻用药物，抗体，人免疫球蛋白

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来源期刊

Infektsionnye Bolezni Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

1.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The journal publishes original research works, reviews of literature, lectures, methodological recommendations, clinical observations. Main topics: problems of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations of infectious diseases, new techniques and methods of their diagnosis, prevention and treatment; special attention is paid to the problems of antibacterial and antiviral therapy, the use of immunoglobulins and interferons, and also to intensive therapy of critical states. The journal is in the List of leading scientific journals and periodicals of the Supreme Attestation Committee, where the principal results of doctoral dissertations should be published.