The use of interferon alpha-2b for prevention of novel coronavirus infection in healthcare workers

Q4 Medicine

Infektsionnye Bolezni Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.20953/1729-9225-2021-2-65-69

Yu. O. Khlynina, A. Arova, A. B. Nevinsky

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has some specific clinical and immunopathogenic properties. SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the Coronaviridae family, the Betacoronavirus genus. COVID-19 can be asymptomatic, the most common clinical manifestation of this disease is viral pneumonia. The development of acute respiratory distress syndrome is noted in less than 5% of cases. The entry gates of this virus are the epithelium of the upper respiratory tract and epithelial cells (epitheliocytes) of the gastrointestinal tract. When the virus enters the human respiratory tract, mucociliary clearance is inhibited and epithelial cells die, allowing the virus to enter the peripheral blood with subsequent damage to target organs (lungs, digestive tract, heart, kidneys). An important pathogenic characteristic of SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially with severe disease, is an excessive immune system response with massive release of cytokines, which causes acute respiratory distress syndrome. Clinical and experimental studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 can be significantly more sensitive to type I interferons (IFN-I), than other coronaviruses. IFN-I deficiency is thought to play a key role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, and several studies have shown that delayed IFN-I signaling is associated with sustained viral replication and serious complications. The use of interferon-based medicines (IFN-I) for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 appears to be quite important to study attentively. This paper presents an original regimen of recombinant interferon alpha-2b-based medicine (Grippferon®, nasal drops and spray) for the medication-assisted post-exposure prevention of COVID-19 in healthcare specialists, working in the pediatric infectious disease hospital. The effectiveness and safety of this medication regimen for the COVID-19 prevention was shown. Key words: medication-assisted prevention, COVID-19, post-exposure protection of healthcare workers, recombinant interferon alpha-2b, Grippferon

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干扰素α -2b在医护人员预防新型冠状病毒感染中的应用

由SARS-CoV-2引起的新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)具有一些特定的临床和免疫致病特性。SARS-CoV-2是一种单链RNA病毒，属于冠状病毒科，即冠状病毒属。COVID-19可以无症状，本病最常见的临床表现是病毒性肺炎。在不到5%的病例中出现急性呼吸窘迫综合征。这种病毒的入口是上呼吸道的上皮细胞和胃肠道的上皮细胞。当病毒进入人的呼吸道时，粘膜纤毛清除被抑制，上皮细胞死亡，使病毒进入外周血，随后对目标器官(肺、消化道、心脏、肾脏)造成损害。SARS-CoV-2感染的一个重要致病特征是免疫系统反应过度，大量释放细胞因子，导致急性呼吸窘迫综合征。临床和实验研究表明，SARS-CoV-2对I型干扰素(IFN-I)的敏感性明显高于其他冠状病毒。IFN-I缺乏被认为在COVID-19的发病机制中发挥关键作用，一些研究表明，IFN-I信号传导延迟与持续的病毒复制和严重并发症有关。使用干扰素类药物(IFN-I)治疗和预防COVID-19似乎非常重要，值得认真研究。本文介绍了一种基于重组干扰素α -2b的药物(Grippferon®、滴鼻液和喷雾剂)的原始方案，用于儿科传染病医院医护人员的药物辅助暴露后预防COVID-19。该方案预防新冠肺炎的有效性和安全性得到验证。关键词:药物辅助预防，COVID-19，医护人员暴露后防护，重组干扰素α -2b, Grippferon

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来源期刊

Infektsionnye Bolezni Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

1.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The journal publishes original research works, reviews of literature, lectures, methodological recommendations, clinical observations. Main topics: problems of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations of infectious diseases, new techniques and methods of their diagnosis, prevention and treatment; special attention is paid to the problems of antibacterial and antiviral therapy, the use of immunoglobulins and interferons, and also to intensive therapy of critical states. The journal is in the List of leading scientific journals and periodicals of the Supreme Attestation Committee, where the principal results of doctoral dissertations should be published.