Dominant forms of neologisms in linguistics: functional and pragmatic analysis

Abstract

Linguistics, at different times of its existence, has constantly raised the question of how and by what means a person designates the world around him, which, being, in essence, a dynamic and developing substance, always brings new phenomena that require designation by new words. However, the language already has a certain lexical system which imposes restrictions on the creative process of creating new words. As an object of study, we have selected the neologisms of the English and French languages, with a temporal arc from the beginning of the year 2010 to the present day. The objective of this research is to analyze the pragmatics of the functioning of neologisms in fiction and newspaper texts by comparing two distantly related languages: English and French. During the study, to achieve this objective, the following tasks were carried out: - determine the main groups of neologisms noted in the original literary texts and translated into French and English; - discover the purpose of the use of neologisms of various groups in original literary texts in comparative languages from the point of view of pragmalinguistics; - identify the role of the translator in the pragmatic chain of recipient-recipient when using various types of neoplasms to create stylistic effects in literary texts in French and English; - establish points of similarity and differences in the pragmatics of the functioning of the new vocabulary in the original texts of the French and English newspapers. The scientific novelty of this research lies in the systematization of theoretical approaches to the main provisions of neology and neography on the problems of the functioning of neologisms in the text and the discovery of similarities and differences in the use of new words in texts of different functional styles on the example of the comparison of two languages of different families (English and French) from the point of view of pragmalinguistics. The theoretical significance lies in the further development of a pragmalinguistic approach to the study of the lexical composition of a language in a comparative aspect using elements of functional analysis. At the same time, the reasons for the appearance of various types of neoplasms in the text are theoretically justified. The practical value of this work lies in the possibility of applying the results of the study at conferences on comparative linguistics, comparative lexicology of the French and English languages, the style of the French language, the style of the English language as well as in translation theory and translation practice courses at university.