Bigadiç’te 45–74 yaş bireylerde diyabet prevalansı ve farkındalık durumunun belirleyicileri/Determinants of prevelance and awareness of diabetes in a population aged 45–74 in Bigadic

Abstract

Ozet Amac: Bu kesitsel arastirmada Bigadic ilce merkezinde yasayan 45–74 yas bireylerde diyabet prevalansi ve farkindalik durumunun saptanmasi, diyabet prevalansi ve farkindalik durumunu etkileyen etmenlerin belirlenmesi amaclanmaktadir. Yontem: Arastirma grubu 45–74 yas 4.425 kisiden kume ornekleme yontemiyle secilen 509 kisiden olusmaktadir. Arastirmanin bagimli degiskenleri diyabet varligi ve diyabet farkindalik durumudur. Arastirmada diyabet tanisi icin random kapiller kan glukoz, Glikozillenmis Hemoglobin (HbA1c) olcumleri yapilmis, degerlendirmede Amerikan Diyabet Birligi (ADA) 2010 yili tani kriterleri kullanilmistir. Cozumlemede tanimlayici istatistikler, ki kare, lojistik regresyon analizi kullanilmistir. Arastirmanin butcesi Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Bilimsel Arastirma Projeleri tarafindan desteklenmistir (Proje no: 201194). Bulgular: Arastirma grubunda diyabet prevalansi %21.0, diyabet farkindalik orani %66.3’tur. Diyabet farkindalik orani yalnizca yasla iliskili bulunmustur; farkindalik 60 yas ve uzerindekilerde daha yuksektir (p=0.039). Lojistik regresyon analizinde diyabet prevalansi 60 yas ve uzerindekilerde [OR=1.86, %95 GA:1.11-3.15], eslik eden kronik hastaligi olanlarda [OR= 2.65, %95 GA:1.54-4.56], fazla kilolularda [OR=4.56, %95 GA:2.11-9.58] ve obezlerde [OR=2.64, %95 GA:1.51-4.63] istatistiksel olarak anlamli duzeyde yuksektir. Sonuc: Yetiskinlerde diyabetin onlenmesi amaciyla topluma yonelik birincil koruma onlemleri olan obezitenin azaltilmasi, fiziksel aktivitenin artirilmasi onlemlerine agirlik verilmelidir. Diyabetli bireylerde komplikasyonlarin onlenmesi amaciyla birinci basamak saglik kuruluslarinda duzenli izlem programlari olusturulmali, farkindalik duzeyini arttiracak bilgilendirmeler ve firsatci taramalar gibi girisimler planlanmali ve uygulanmalidir. Anahtar Kelimeler : Diyabet, prevalans, farkindalik Determinants of prevelance and awareness of diabetes in a population aged 45–74 in Bigadic Abstract Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevelance and awareness of diabetes and to evaluate associated factors in a population aged 45 to74 in Bigadic. Method: The study group included 509 subjects selected from 4.425 individuals aged 45-74 years using the cluster sampling method. The dependent variables of the study were the existence and awareness of diabetes. The proportion of people with a history of diabetes relative to the total number of individuals with diabetes gives the diabetes awareness ratio. Diabetes was defined according to American diabets Association (ADA) diagnosis criteria for the year 2010 and is based on random capillary blood glucose and HbA1c levels. The chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the associations with independent variables. The study was financially supported by Dokuz Eylul University Scientific Research Projects (Project no: 201194). Results: The prevelance of diabetes was 21.0% and 66.3% of individuals were aware of their condition. Diabetes prevelance was associated with age, sex, marital status, education, employment, family type, comorbidity, BMI and blood pressure (p<0.05). Awareness of diabetes was higher in the over 60 age group (p=0.039) than in the younger group. In a logistic regression analyses the prevelance of diabetes was higher in those aged 60 and above [OR=1.86, 95% CI:1.11-3.15], who had comorbidity [OR=2.65, 95% CI:1.54-4.56], who were overweight [OR=4.56, 95% CI:2.11-9.58] or obese [OR=2.64, 95% CI:1.51-4.63]. Conclusion: In order to prevent diabetes in adults primary preventative interventions leading to increased physical activity and decreased obesity in the population should be considered. Regular monitoring programs should be developed as a part of primary health care for diabetes patients to prevent complications. Health education and screening programs should be used to increase the level of awareness in people with diabetes. Key Words: Diabetes, prevalance, awareness