Physiological and agronomic response of soybean cultivars to soil compaction in the Brazilian Cerrado

IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
C. Ferreira, A. Silva, C. A. Tormena, E. Severiano, R. Tavares, G.B.P. Braz, Silvio Vasconcelos de Paiva Filho
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

: Soil compaction negatively impacts soil physical functions, affecting root growth and crop yield. This study aimed to evaluate different soybean cultivars’ agronomic and physiological performance as a function of compaction in Rhodic Ferralsol under no-tillage (NT) with a clay loam texture in the Brazilian Cerrado biome. The experiment was implemented in Rio Verde, Goias state, central Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block with a 3x2 factorial scheme with six replications. The first factor corresponded to three soybean cultivars from different maturity groups (MG) identified as super-early (MG = 6.2); early (MG = 6.8), and medium (MG = 7.9). The second factor was the cultivation in compacted and uncompacted soil. The experiment evaluated the soil physical properties: bulk density, total porosity, water content at matric potential -6 kPa, aeration capacity and water and air holding capacity in 0.0-0.1 and 0.1-0.2 m layers, agronomic and physiological traits (gas exchange). Soil compaction negatively affected the agronomic traits of soybean cultivars, with better performance of the medium cycle cultivar. Net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rates were reduced up to 50% under compaction and were not influenced by cultivars. Our findings suggest that soil compaction negatively affected the performance of soybean cultivars with lower maturity groups reflecting in lower plant height, shoot and root dry mass, number of pods and grain yield. The choice of soybean cultivars with a longer cycle can be an alternative to minimize the adverse effects of soil compaction.
巴西塞拉多地区大豆品种对土壤压实的生理和农艺反应
土壤压实对土壤物理功能产生负面影响,影响根系生长和作物产量。本研究旨在评价巴西塞拉多(Cerrado)生物群落免耕(NT)条件下不同大豆品种在Rhodic Ferralsol土壤压实作用下的农艺和生理性能。该实验在巴西中部戈亚斯州的里约热内卢Verde实施。试验设计为随机区组,采用3x2因子方案,6个重复。第一个因子对应于3个不同成熟度组(MG)的大豆品种,被鉴定为超早(MG = 6.2);早期(MG = 6.8)和中期(MG = 7.9)。第二个因素是在压实和未压实土壤中的耕作。试验评估了土壤的物理特性:容重、总孔隙度、基质电位-6 kPa下的含水量、0.0-0.1 m和0.1-0.2 m层的通气量和水持气量、农艺和生理性状(气体交换)。土壤压实对大豆品种的农艺性状有负面影响,以中周期品种表现较好。在压实处理下,净光合作用、气孔导度和蒸腾速率降低了50%,且不受品种的影响。结果表明,土壤压实对低成熟度大豆品种表现出负向影响,主要表现在株高、茎、根干质量、荚果数和籽粒产量等方面。选择周期较长的大豆品种可以最大限度地减少土壤压实的不利影响。
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来源期刊
Bragantia
Bragantia AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
2.40
自引率
8.30%
发文量
33
审稿时长
4 weeks
期刊介绍: Bragantia é uma revista de ciências agronômicas editada pelo Instituto Agronômico da Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, da Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de São Paulo, com o objetivo de publicar trabalhos científicos originais que contribuam para o desenvolvimento das ciências agronômicas. A revista é publicada desde 1941, tornando-se semestral em 1984, quadrimestral em 2001 e trimestral em 2005. É filiada à Associação Brasileira de Editores Científicos (ABEC).
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