New Onset Diabetes and Its Incidence in Severe COVID 19 Disease A Single Centre Study From Kashmir

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the novel coronavirus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was first reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and has spread worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 is a positivestranded RNA virus that is enclosed by a protein containing lipid bilayer with a single-stranded RNA genome; SARS-CoV-2 has 82% homology with human SARS-CoV, which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome.SARS-CoV-2, virus binds to angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, which are expressed in key metabolic organs and tissues, including pancreatic beta cells, adipose tissue, the small intestine, and the kidneys. Thus, it is believed that SARS-CoV-2 may cause pleiotropic alterations of glucose metabolism that could complicate the pathophysiology of pre-existing diabetes or lead to new mechanisms of disease. Many studies have made observations that provide support for the hypothesis of a potential diabetogenic effect of Covid-19; in addition it is well-recognized that stress response associated with severe illness have diabetogenic effect. However, whether the alterations of glucose metabolism that occur with a sudden onset in severe COVIOD-19 persist or remit when the infection resolves is unclear. How frequent is the phenomenon of newonset diabetes, and is it classic type 1 or type 2 diabetes or a new type of diabetes. Key words: COVID 19; Prediabetes; Diabetes; Pneumonia.