Model-based Analysis of Nitrogen Dynamics in the Tigris River in Baghdad City

IF 1.2 Q4 WATER RESOURCES
Muwafaq H. Al Lami, I. Alwan, H. Ismael
{"title":"Model-based Analysis of Nitrogen Dynamics in the Tigris River in Baghdad City","authors":"Muwafaq H. Al Lami, I. Alwan, H. Ismael","doi":"10.14796/jwmm.c495","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Developing a solid understanding of the nitrogen dynamics across the Tigris River is critical to evaluate the environmental degradation of the increased N fluxes. Nitrite, nitrate, and total oxidized N (nitrite+nitrate) were monitored from April 2018 to August 2019. Plug flow reactors and continuously stirred tank reactors in series models were implemented to explore N behavior in the river system. The results indicated that the total oxidized N decreased over the first half of the study period, then was followed by a high rate of nitrate production. These findings are also supported by changes of the river flow rates, dissolved oxygen, pH, and chemical oxygen demand. The models have the capacity to simulate N dynamics, with varied prediction errors. Root mean squared errors between measured and predicted nitrite, nitrate, and total oxidized N concentrations were 0.118, 2.595, and 2.560 g m-3, respectively, for the PFR model, while these values were 0.05, 0.175 g m-3, and 0.176 g m-3, respectively, for the CSTRS model. The correlation coefficients were 0.012, 0.925, and 0.922 for nitrite, nitrate, and total oxidized N, respectively, when the PFR model was applied. These values were 0.92, 0.99, and 0.99, respectively, after the application of the CSTRS model. Obtained results revealed that the modeling approach can provide a useful framework to improve understanding of N dynamics, which helps to develop mitigation strategies for sustaining water quality in the Tigris River.","PeriodicalId":43297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Management Modeling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Water Management Modeling","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.14796/jwmm.c495","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"WATER RESOURCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Developing a solid understanding of the nitrogen dynamics across the Tigris River is critical to evaluate the environmental degradation of the increased N fluxes. Nitrite, nitrate, and total oxidized N (nitrite+nitrate) were monitored from April 2018 to August 2019. Plug flow reactors and continuously stirred tank reactors in series models were implemented to explore N behavior in the river system. The results indicated that the total oxidized N decreased over the first half of the study period, then was followed by a high rate of nitrate production. These findings are also supported by changes of the river flow rates, dissolved oxygen, pH, and chemical oxygen demand. The models have the capacity to simulate N dynamics, with varied prediction errors. Root mean squared errors between measured and predicted nitrite, nitrate, and total oxidized N concentrations were 0.118, 2.595, and 2.560 g m-3, respectively, for the PFR model, while these values were 0.05, 0.175 g m-3, and 0.176 g m-3, respectively, for the CSTRS model. The correlation coefficients were 0.012, 0.925, and 0.922 for nitrite, nitrate, and total oxidized N, respectively, when the PFR model was applied. These values were 0.92, 0.99, and 0.99, respectively, after the application of the CSTRS model. Obtained results revealed that the modeling approach can provide a useful framework to improve understanding of N dynamics, which helps to develop mitigation strategies for sustaining water quality in the Tigris River.
巴格达底格里斯河氮动力学的模型分析
对底格里斯河流域氮动态的深入了解,对于评价氮通量增加所造成的环境退化至关重要。2018年4月至2019年8月监测亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐和总氧化氮(亚硝酸盐+硝酸盐)。采用塞流反应器和连续搅拌槽式反应器进行串联模型,探索N在河流系统中的行为。结果表明,在试验前半期,总氧化氮呈下降趋势,随后硝态氮高产。这些发现也得到了河流流速、溶解氧、pH值和化学需氧量变化的支持。该模型具有模拟N动态的能力,具有不同的预测误差。对于PFR模型,亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐和总氧化氮浓度的测量值与预测值的均方根误差分别为0.118、2.595和2.560 g m-3,而对于CSTRS模型,这些值分别为0.05、0.175 g m-3和0.176 g m-3。采用PFR模型时,亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐和总氧化氮的相关系数分别为0.012、0.925和0.922。应用CSTRS模型后,这些值分别为0.92、0.99和0.99。所获得的结果表明,建模方法可以提供一个有用的框架,以提高对氮动力学的理解,这有助于制定缓解策略,以维持底格里斯河的水质。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
8
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信