Lower Mantle Mineral Associations Preserved in Diamonds

IF 1.5 3区地球科学 Q2 MINERALOGY

Mineralogical Magazine Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI:10.1180/MINMAG.1994.58A.1.201

B. Harte

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引用次数: 126

Abstract

The composition of the Earth's mantle inferred from carbonaceous chondrites and also from solar energetic particles and spectroscopy, is hugely dominated by SiO2 and MgO, with subordinate but significant contents of FeO, CaO and A1203 (Anderson, 1989). This evidence coupled with geophysical data on mechanical porperties and density, and ultra-high pressure experimental work has led to the consensus that the 670 km seismic discontinuity is associated with the stabilisation of a mineral assemblage of dominantly MgSiO3 (in the perovskite structure) together with MgO (in the rock salt or periclase structure). The FeO component of the lower mantle is expected to be in solid solution in these phases, whilst the CaO is expected to form CaSiO3 in perovskite structure. Whether A1203 is present as oxide or located in some silicate phase has been a matter of uncertainty. To what extent the lower mantle mirrors the upper mantle in details of composition for example, to what extent it is like the upper mantle lithosphere represented by various peridotite xenoliths from basalts and kimberlites (e.g. Harte and Hawkesworth, 1989) or Ringwood's pyrolites (e.g. Ringwood, 1982) is uncertain; but

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钻石中保存的下地幔矿物组合

从碳质球粒陨石以及太阳高能粒子和光谱学推断，地幔的组成以SiO2和MgO为主，FeO、CaO和A1203的含量次要但重要(Anderson, 1989)。这一证据与地球物理力学特性和密度数据以及超高压实验工作相结合，得出了一个共识，即670公里的地震不连续与主要由MgSiO3(钙钛矿结构)和MgO(岩盐或方长石结构)组成的矿物组合的稳定有关。下地幔的FeO成分在这些相中以固溶体形式存在，而CaO则以钙钛矿结构形成CaSiO3。A1203究竟是以氧化物的形式存在，还是以某种硅酸盐相存在，这一直是个不确定的问题。下地幔在多大程度上反映了上地幔的组成细节，例如，它在多大程度上类似于由玄武岩和金伯利岩(如Harte和Hawkesworth, 1989)或Ringwood的辉石岩(如Ringwood, 1982)所代表的上地幔岩石圈;但

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来源期刊

Mineralogical Magazine 地学-矿物学

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

25.90%

发文量

104

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Mineralogical Magazine is an international journal of mineral sciences which covers the fields of mineralogy, crystallography, geochemistry, petrology, environmental geology and economic geology. The journal has been published continuously since the founding of the Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland in 1876 and is a leading journal in its field.