Adhesion of Osteoblast-like Cells (Saos-2) on Micro-/Submicro-Patterned Apatite Scaffolds Fabricated with Apatite Cement Paste by Micro-Molding

Abstract

112 Introduction Calcium phosphate materials have been widely used in several medical scaffolds and coatings of dental implants for bone tissue repair and augmentation because of their excellent osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity. Nowadays, calcium phosphate materials have been designed in various forms including nanoparticles, nanofibers, cements, and coatings in tissue engineering [1-3]. Many micro-/nano-structures composed of calcium phosphate, such as bone and teeth in the body, play an important role in bone and teeth architecture [4, 5]. The organization of collagen and hydroxyapatite (HAp) is suggested in bone architecture, where nanohydroxyapatites are oriented to organic collagen fibers and are hierarchically organized with collagen bundles [6, 7]. Dental enamel is a highly organized array of apatite nanocrystals. It is composed of parallel Adhesion of Osteoblast-like Cells (Saos-2) on Micro-/Submicro-Patterned Apatite Scaffolds Fabricated with Apatite Cement Paste by Micro-Molding