Robust SVD-Based Audio Watermarking Scheme With Differential Evolution Optimization

Abstract

In this paper, a robust audio watermarking scheme based on singular value decomposition (SVD) and differential evolution (DE) using dither modulation (DM) quantization algorithm is proposed. Two novel SVD-based algorithms, lifting wavelet transform (LWT)-discrete cosine transform (DCT)-SVD and discrete wavelet transform (DWT)-DCT-SVD, are developed for audio copyright protection. In our method, LWT\DWT is first applied to decompose the host signal and obtain the corresponding approximate coefficients followed by DCT to take advantage of “energy compaction” property. SVD is further performed to acquire the singular values and enhance the robustness of the scheme. The adaptive DM quantization is adopted to quantize the singular values and embed the watermark. To withstand desynchronization attacks, synchronization code is inserted using audio statistical characteristics. Furthermore, the conflicting problem of robustness and imperceptibility is effectively resolved by the DE optimization. Simulation results demonstrate that both the LWT-DCT-SVD and DWT-DCT-SVD methods not only have good imperceptibility performance, but also resist general signal processing, hybrid and desynchronization attacks. Compared with the previous DWT-DCT, support vector regression (SVR)-DWT-DCT and DWT-SVD methods, our method obtains more robustness against the selected attacks.