Oculo-motor disorders in craniofacial malformations.

Abstract

Based on 77 observations including telorbitism, craniofacial stenosis (C.F.S.), and plagiocephalies, oculo-motor disorders involving horizontal and vertical imbalance occur very frequently. Abnormalities in the transverse plane (telorbitisms, craniofacial stenoses) give orbital divergence and exotropia. Orbital extorsion with a significant antimongoloid palpebral fissure, may be the cause of rectus muscle extorsion. Abnormalities in the vertical plane (plagiocephalies) induce hypertropia. Abnormalities in the sagittal plane (C.F.S.) lead to exotropia with exorbitism, the V syndrome with double up-shoot. These oculo-motor disorders seem to be the consequence of these orbital structure abnormalities, sometimes combined with sensory factors.