{"title":"Intense rainfall and debris flows in the Lomond Hills, Fife, 11–12 August 2020","authors":"M. Kirkbride, A. Black, V. Brazier, B. Pickering","doi":"10.1080/14702541.2021.2012585","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Over the night of 11–12th August 2020, unusually intense convective rainfall triggered several debris flows along the Lomond Hills escarpment. Rainfall intensities locally exceeded an estimated 0.33% annual exceedance probability. Each debris flow had a different magnitude and physical character depending on the availability of water and sediment and the effectiveness of the vegetation buffer, such that similar-looking micro-catchments responded in different ways. The largest debris flow far exceeded the others in magnitude, extending over 1 km with a descent of 246 m and an estimated volume of c. 1500–3000 m3, causing damage to a forestry road. Debris was entrained from a gullied relict talus, including fallen trees and incision of Lateglacial glaciofluvial sand. Deposit sedimentology and morphology demonstrate an initial debris-flow surge probably happened early in the storm coinciding with the greatest runoff generation, followed by later fluvial incision and sediment reworking. This appears to be the largest such event in the Lomond Hills for more than 90 years and may be characteristic of the landscape response to projected increases in convective rainfall intensities in twenty-first century summers.","PeriodicalId":46022,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Geographical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3000,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Scottish Geographical Journal","FirstCategoryId":"90","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14702541.2021.2012585","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GEOGRAPHY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
ABSTRACT Over the night of 11–12th August 2020, unusually intense convective rainfall triggered several debris flows along the Lomond Hills escarpment. Rainfall intensities locally exceeded an estimated 0.33% annual exceedance probability. Each debris flow had a different magnitude and physical character depending on the availability of water and sediment and the effectiveness of the vegetation buffer, such that similar-looking micro-catchments responded in different ways. The largest debris flow far exceeded the others in magnitude, extending over 1 km with a descent of 246 m and an estimated volume of c. 1500–3000 m3, causing damage to a forestry road. Debris was entrained from a gullied relict talus, including fallen trees and incision of Lateglacial glaciofluvial sand. Deposit sedimentology and morphology demonstrate an initial debris-flow surge probably happened early in the storm coinciding with the greatest runoff generation, followed by later fluvial incision and sediment reworking. This appears to be the largest such event in the Lomond Hills for more than 90 years and may be characteristic of the landscape response to projected increases in convective rainfall intensities in twenty-first century summers.
期刊介绍:
The Scottish Geographical Journal is the learned publication of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society and is a continuation of the Scottish Geographical Magazine, first published in 1885. The Journal was relaunched in its present format in 1999. The Journal is international in outlook and publishes scholarly articles of original research from any branch of geography and on any part of the world, while at the same time maintaining a distinctive interest in and concern with issues relating to Scotland. “The Scottish Geographical Journal mixes physical and human geography in a way that no other international journal does. It deploys a long heritage of geography in Scotland to address the most pressing issues of today."