High gain, directive and miniaturized metamaterial C-band antenna

Abstract

Abstract In this paper, design and analysis of U–T-shaped metamaterial antenna have been presented. It shows negative permittivity and permeability characteristics. The metamaterial array is embedded inside the substrate of rectangular microstrip patch antenna. Upon incorporation, directivity increases by 24% and gain increases by 18%. Results were compared with equivalent circuit analysis of patch antenna and are well in coherence with FEM (finite-element method)-based Ansoft HFSS (high-frequency structure simulator) simulation with around 1% error. Using fractal metamaterial antenna of first and second order iterative mathematics, antenna is miniaturized by 58 and 75% along with improvement in bandwidth.