A Meta-Analysis Exploring the Relationship Between 12-Step Attendance and Adolescent Substance Use Relapse

Abstract

This article describes results from a systematic review and meta-analysis of research exploring the relationship between adolescent 12-step program attendance and relapse after treatment. A systematic literature search was conducted resulting in 364 unduplicated abstracts to review. Four studies were eligible and were double-coded for variables. Outcome effect sizes were then analyzed in a random-effects model. The overall mean effect indicated beneficial results for adolescents who attended 12-step programs posttreatment. These findings support the clinical recommendation that adolescents attend 12-step programs, yet the findings highlight the need for future research among this population that clearly documents variables related to recovery outcomes.