Editorial Notes

Jens Wissel
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Abstract

The concept of a transnational capitalist class is a feature of many attempts to understand the spatial reconfiguration of contemporary capitalism. In “The Transformation of Contemporary Capitalism and the Concept of a Transnational Capitalist Class: A Critical Review in Neo-Poulantzian Perspective,” Joachim Hirsch and Jens Wissel question approaches that suggest this class has displaced national states. They develop an alternative approach that stresses how this class is integrated into national power blocs while also being articulated to international institutions, and explore how this balance has changed in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis. The financial crisis has had some unsettling effects within university economics departments, fuelling interest in alternatives to the neoclassical consensus that has long dominated teaching and research. Marc Lavoie’s “The Global Financial Crisis: Methodological Reflections from a Heterodox Perspective” argues that the central theoretical division is between orthodoxy and the various heterodox schools, a division that can be grasped through five pairs of presuppositions. The basic heterodox view is that markets left on their own are unstable and need to be tamed. Many progressive accounts of the 2008 financial crisis have linked it to a conscious attack on government regulation, often by unscrupulous individuals; the Oscar-winning film “Inside Job” is a case in point. Robert Froese’s “The Limits of Inside Job : Crisis, Ideology, and the Burden of Capitalism” challenges this perspective, arguing that it abstracts the crisis from the underlying logic of capitalism and the way that states and markets mutually constitute each other. This market-making role of states is reflected in Tim Fowler’s “Working for the Clampdown: How the Canadian State Exploits Economic Crises to Restrict Labour Freedoms.” He presents an argument, based on a case study of the 2007–09 CAW automobile negotiations, that the Canadian state intervened, to a remarkable degree, to coerce the union into signing a concessionary collective agreement. While neoliberal governments of all stripes
社论指出
跨国资产阶级的概念是理解当代资本主义空间重构的许多尝试的一个特征。在《当代资本主义的转型和跨国资本家阶级的概念:新普兰茨主义视角的批判性回顾》一书中,约阿希姆·赫希和延斯·维塞尔质疑了认为这个阶级取代了民族国家的方法。他们提出了另一种方法,强调这个阶层如何融入国家权力集团,同时也与国际机构联系在一起,并探讨了这种平衡在2008年金融危机之后是如何变化的。金融危机在大学经济系内部产生了一些令人不安的影响,激发了人们对替代长期主导教学和研究的新古典主义共识的兴趣。马克·拉沃伊的《全球金融危机:从非正统观点出发的方法论反思》认为,主要的理论划分是正统和各种非正统学派之间的划分,这种划分可以通过五对前提来把握。基本的非正统观点是,放任市场自流是不稳定的,需要加以驯服。许多关于2008年金融危机的进步主义描述将其与对政府监管的有意识攻击联系起来,这种攻击通常是由不择手段的个人发起的;奥斯卡获奖影片《监守自盗》就是一个很好的例子。Robert Froese的《内部工作的极限:危机、意识形态和资本主义的负担》挑战了这一观点,认为它从资本主义的潜在逻辑以及国家和市场相互构成的方式中抽象出了危机。蒂姆•福勒的《为镇压而工作:加拿大政府如何利用经济危机限制劳工自由》一书反映了政府的这种做市作用。他以2007-09年《汽车劳工法》(CAW)汽车谈判的案例研究为基础,提出了一种观点,即加拿大政府在很大程度上进行了干预,迫使工会签署了一项让步的集体协议。各种各样的新自由主义政府
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