Urban Stream Deserts as a Consequence of Excess Stream Burial in Urban Watersheds

Jacob Napieralski, Ryan Keeling, Mitchell R. Dziekan, Chad Rhodes, Andrew Kelly, Kelly Kobberstad
{"title":"Urban Stream Deserts as a Consequence of Excess Stream Burial in Urban Watersheds","authors":"Jacob Napieralski, Ryan Keeling, Mitchell R. Dziekan, Chad Rhodes, Andrew Kelly, Kelly Kobberstad","doi":"10.1080/00045608.2015.1050753","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The Rouge River watershed, a highly urbanized watershed in southeast Michigan, has substantial impervious surface coverage, relatively high population density, and modified stream network (e.g., stream straightening and burial, dams, and underground retention). The number of stream channels and order decreases, increasing flooding, reducing water quality, and decreasing aquatic species. This study defines, identifies, and describes the progression of the geographic pattern of urban stream deserts—defined as those areas within a watershed that exhibit no surface stream channels due to the effects of human development and population growth. Urban stream deserts are identified and characterized using three data sets: (1) historical aerial imagery, (2) historical census boundary and tables, and (3) stream network data. Flowlines digitized off aerial photos from 1949 are compared against 2013 flowlines to identify areas of the watershed now devoid of stream channels. In the Rouge River watershed, stream density has decreased since 1949, which coincides with a rapid population increase and systematic burial of urban streams. Urban stream deserts in the Rouge River watershed constitute 23 percent of the watershed area, but these areas included as much as 66 percent of the watershed population in 1950 (as the urban stream deserts were developing) and dropped to 41 percent in 2010. This conceptual model of urban stream deserts is applicable to many urban and industrialized areas that have replaced stream channels with infrastructure during periods of economic growth, only to experience depopulation, aging infrastructure, and, as a result, degraded, modified, or altogether buried stream networks.","PeriodicalId":80485,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers","volume":"53 1","pages":"649 - 664"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00045608.2015.1050753","citationCount":"33","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2015.1050753","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 33

Abstract

The Rouge River watershed, a highly urbanized watershed in southeast Michigan, has substantial impervious surface coverage, relatively high population density, and modified stream network (e.g., stream straightening and burial, dams, and underground retention). The number of stream channels and order decreases, increasing flooding, reducing water quality, and decreasing aquatic species. This study defines, identifies, and describes the progression of the geographic pattern of urban stream deserts—defined as those areas within a watershed that exhibit no surface stream channels due to the effects of human development and population growth. Urban stream deserts are identified and characterized using three data sets: (1) historical aerial imagery, (2) historical census boundary and tables, and (3) stream network data. Flowlines digitized off aerial photos from 1949 are compared against 2013 flowlines to identify areas of the watershed now devoid of stream channels. In the Rouge River watershed, stream density has decreased since 1949, which coincides with a rapid population increase and systematic burial of urban streams. Urban stream deserts in the Rouge River watershed constitute 23 percent of the watershed area, but these areas included as much as 66 percent of the watershed population in 1950 (as the urban stream deserts were developing) and dropped to 41 percent in 2010. This conceptual model of urban stream deserts is applicable to many urban and industrialized areas that have replaced stream channels with infrastructure during periods of economic growth, only to experience depopulation, aging infrastructure, and, as a result, degraded, modified, or altogether buried stream networks.
城市流域过量河流掩埋导致的城市河流沙漠
Rouge河流域是密歇根州东南部一个高度城市化的流域,具有大量不透水的地表覆盖,相对较高的人口密度,以及改进的河流网络(例如,河流矫直和掩埋,水坝和地下保留)。河道数量和秩序减少,洪水增加,水质下降,水生物种减少。本研究定义、识别并描述了城市河流沙漠地理格局的演变——定义为由于人类发展和人口增长的影响而在流域内没有地表河流通道的地区。利用三个数据集(1)历史航空图像,(2)历史人口普查边界和表格,以及(3)河流网络数据来识别和表征城市河流沙漠。将1949年的航拍照片数字化后的流线与2013年的流线进行比较,以确定现在没有河流通道的流域区域。1949年以来,胭脂河流域河流密度呈下降趋势,这与人口的快速增长和城市河流的系统掩埋相吻合。胭脂河流域的城市河流沙漠占流域面积的23%,但在1950年,这些地区的人口占流域人口的66%(随着城市河流沙漠的发展),到2010年下降到41%。这种城市河流沙漠的概念模型适用于许多城市和工业化地区,这些地区在经济增长期间用基础设施取代了河流渠道,但却经历了人口减少、基础设施老化,结果是河流网络退化、改变或完全被掩埋。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信