Hydrogen steelmaking. Part 1: Physical chemistry and process metallurgy

IF 1.3 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
F. Patisson, O. Mirgaux, J. Birat
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引用次数: 7

Abstract

Pushed to the forefront by the objective to drastically reduce the CO2 emissions from the steel industry, a new steelmaking route based on hydrogen and electricity is the subject of a great deal of attention and numerous R&D projects. The first step is to chemically reduce iron ore with H2, which is produced by electrolysis of water with low-carbon electricity, and then to transform the direct reduced iron into steel in an electric arc furnace. The second step is a conventional one, similar to that used for scrap recycling. The first step is similar to the so-called direct reduction process but would use pure electrolytic H2 instead of the H2–CO syngas obtained from natural gas reforming. In this paper, we first show how the reduction by pure H2 takes place at the microscopic level of the iron oxide grains and pellets. The three-step (hematite-magnetite-wüstite-iron) reduction occurs successively in time and simultaneously in the pellets. Secondly, a sophisticated kinetic model of the reduction of a single pellet based on the experimental findings is described. Lastly, we present a mathematical model for the simulation of the reduction by pure H2 in a shaft furnace, which can be very useful for the design of a future installation. The main results are that using pure hydrogen, the reduction kinetics are faster and can end with full metallization, the direct reduction process would be simpler, and the shaft furnace could be squatter. The gains in terms of CO2 emissions are quantified (85% off) and the whole route is compared to other zero-carbon solutions in Part 2.
氢炼钢。第1部分:物理化学和工艺冶金
在大幅减少钢铁行业二氧化碳排放的目标的推动下,一条基于氢和电的新炼钢路线受到了极大的关注和众多研发项目的关注。第一步是用低碳电解水产生的H2对铁矿石进行化学还原,然后在电弧炉中将直接还原的铁转化为钢。第二步是传统的,类似于废品回收。第一步类似于所谓的直接还原过程,但将使用纯电解H2而不是天然气重整获得的H2 - co合成气。在本文中,我们首先展示了纯H2如何在氧化铁颗粒和颗粒的微观水平上进行还原。赤铁矿—磁铁矿—钨铁—铁三步还原在时间上先后同时在球团中发生。其次,在实验结果的基础上,描述了一个复杂的单颗粒还原动力学模型。最后,我们提出了一个模拟竖炉中纯H2还原过程的数学模型,这对未来装置的设计非常有用。主要结果是:纯氢还原速度快,最终可完全金属化,直接还原过程简单,竖炉面积小。在第2部分中,对二氧化碳排放方面的收益进行了量化(减少85%),并将整个路线与其他零碳解决方案进行了比较。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Materiaux & Techniques
Materiaux & Techniques MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
11.10%
发文量
20
期刊介绍: Matériaux & Techniques informs you, through high-quality and peer-reviewed research papers on research and progress in the domain of materials: physical-chemical characterization, implementation, resistance of materials in their environment (properties of use, modelling)... The journal concerns all materials, metals and alloys, nanotechnology, plastics, elastomers, composite materials, glass or ceramics. This journal for materials scientists, chemists, physicists, ceramicists, engineers, metallurgists and students provides 6 issues per year plus a special issue. Each issue, in addition to scientific articles on specialized topics, also contains selected technical news (conference announcements, new products etc.).
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