Interacción paciente-ventilador

Abstract

Mechanical ventilation is a standard therapy in patients admitted to the ICU in a situation of severe acute respiratory failure. Addition to the disruption of gas exchange, the main indication to start is the presence of signs of respiratory muscle fatigue. For mechanical ventilation is essential to succeed and patient ventilator are synchronized, ie the effort that the patient does the inspiration to start being recognized by the fan and it quickly delivers a gas flow, the flow contributed by the fan will need to adapt to patient flow during the delivery of gas and that the fan recognize the termination of inspiratory activity of the patient, complete the delivery of gas and expiratory valve opens to allow the expiration of the patient. This sequence of events that seem so logical, almost never achieved in clinical practice, still common in ventilated patients see some kind of asynchrony. The presence of mismatch or patient-ventilator asynchrony invariably leads to an increased work of breathing, which will defeat the fundamental objective of ventilatory support which is none other than the decrease of the patient work of breathing.