Clonidina subaracnoidea y respuesta al trauma en cirugías cardíacas con circulación extracorpórea

Claudia Gissi da Rocha Ferreira, Sérgio Bernardo Tenório
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Abstract

Background and objectives

The intense trauma response triggered by cardiopulmonary bypass can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. The present study evaluated whether clonidine, a drug of the class of α-2 agonists, administered by spinal route, without association with local anesthetics or opioids, reduces this response in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

Method

A total of 27 patients between 18 and 75 years old, divided by non-blinded fashion into a control group (15) and a clonidine group (12), were studied. All patients underwent identical technique of general anesthesia. Then, only the clonidine group received 1 μg kg−1 clonidine by spinal route. Levels of blood glucose, lactate and cortisol were measured at three consecutive times: T1, at the time of installation of invasive arterial pressure; T2, 10 min after the first dose for cardioplegia; and T3, at the time of skin suture; and troponin i values at T1 and T3. The variation of results between T2-T1, T3-T2, and T3-T1 was also evaluated.

Results

There was a statistically significant difference only with respect to the variation in blood glucose in the clonidine group: T3-T2, P = .027, and T3-T1, P = .047.

Conclusions

Spinal clonidine at a dose of 1 μg kg−1 did not decrease blood measurements of troponin, cortisol, or lactate. Blood glucose suffered a more moderate variation during the procedure in the clonidine group. This fact, already reported in the literature, requires further investigation to be clarified.

蛛网膜下腔可乐定及体外循环心脏手术对创伤的反应
背景与目的体外循环引发的强烈创伤反应可导致发病率和死亡率的增加。本研究评估了经脊柱给药而不与局部麻醉剂或阿片类药物联用的α-2激动剂类药物可乐定是否能降低体外循环心脏手术患者的这种反应。方法选取年龄在18 ~ 75岁的患者27例,采用非盲法分为对照组(15例)和可乐定组(12例)。所有患者均采用相同的全身麻醉技术。然后,只有可乐定组经脊髓途径给药1 μg kg−1可乐定。连续三次测量血糖、乳酸和皮质醇水平:T1,安装有创动脉压仪时;T2,第一次给药后10min;T3为皮肤缝合时;T1和T3时肌钙蛋白i值。并对T2-T1、T3-T2和T3-T1之间的结果差异进行评价。结果只有可乐定组的血糖变化有统计学意义:T3-T2, P = 0.027, T3-T1, P = 0.047。结论脊髓可乐定剂量为1 μg kg−1不会降低肌钙蛋白、皮质醇或乳酸的血液测量值。在治疗过程中,可乐定组的血糖变化较为温和。这一事实已在文献中报道,需要进一步调查才能澄清。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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