Failure analysis of mixed mode crack growth in heavy duty truck frame rail

Vinay N. Rao, Jeffrey W. Eischen
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引用次数: 11

Abstract

A failure analysis investigation was performed on a fractured heavy duty truck frame rail obtained during endurance track testing. The fracture observed was on the frame web within the torque rod connection to the rear drive axle of the vehicle. This section of frame experiences multi-axial loading conditions including out-of-plane bending, twisting and shear under road loads. Metallographic examination revealed micro-cracks on the edges of an open hole located in an area of high stress concentration. This manufacturing defect acted as a stress raiser and resulted in fatigue crack initiation. Simulation of crack growth on frame rail using dynamic loads from a full vehicle model was completed. After careful analysis it was concluded that the failure occurred due to an aggressively drilled open hole which created small crack initiations in a high stress-state location of the frame. This resulted in extensive curvilinear crack growth under dynamic loads of the vehicle.

重型汽车车架钢轨混合模裂纹扩展失效分析
对某重型汽车车架钢轨在耐久性轨道试验中断裂进行了失效分析研究。观察到的断裂是在车辆后驱动桥的扭矩杆连接内的框架腹板上。该段车架在道路荷载作用下经历了面外弯曲、扭转和剪切等多轴荷载工况。金相检查发现,位于高应力集中区域的裸眼边缘有微裂纹。这种制造缺陷作为应力产生器,导致疲劳裂纹萌生。在全车模型动载荷作用下,完成了车架钢轨裂纹扩展的仿真。经过仔细分析,得出的结论是,故障发生的原因是在框架的高应力状态位置,一个剧烈的钻孔产生了小裂纹。这导致了车辆在动载荷作用下广泛的曲线裂纹扩展。
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