Tibial non-union: a review of current practice

Abstract

Diaphyseal tibial fractures are common and generally heal well. However, non-union is a frequent consequence, can require prolonged treatment with unpredictable results and lead to chronic disability. This article describes the management of non-unions and provides an algorithm for current management techniques including the challenges of bone loss, deformity and infection and an overview of the role of biological augments in non-union surgery.