{"title":"Domain Structure of the Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, and Dnmt3b DNA Methyltransferases.","authors":"Shoji Tajima, Isao Suetake, Kohei Takeshita, Atsushi Nakagawa, Hironobu Kimura","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-43624-1_4","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In mammals, three DNA methyltransferases, Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, and Dnmt3b, have been identified. Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b are responsible for establishing DNA methylation patterns produced through their de novo-type DNA methylation activity in implantation stage embryos and during germ cell differentiation. Dnmt3-like (Dnmt3l), which is a member of the Dnmt3 family but does not possess DNA methylation activity, was reported to be indispensable for global methylation in germ cells. Once the DNA methylation patterns are established, maintenance-type DNA methyltransferase Dnmt1 faithfully propagates them to the next generation via replication. All Dnmts possess multiple domains, and in this chapter, the structures and functions of these domains are described.</p>","PeriodicalId":43351,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Gestion","volume":"1 1","pages":"63-86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/978-3-319-43624-1_4","citationCount":"63","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cuadernos de Gestion","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43624-1_4","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"BUSINESS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 63
Abstract
In mammals, three DNA methyltransferases, Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, and Dnmt3b, have been identified. Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b are responsible for establishing DNA methylation patterns produced through their de novo-type DNA methylation activity in implantation stage embryos and during germ cell differentiation. Dnmt3-like (Dnmt3l), which is a member of the Dnmt3 family but does not possess DNA methylation activity, was reported to be indispensable for global methylation in germ cells. Once the DNA methylation patterns are established, maintenance-type DNA methyltransferase Dnmt1 faithfully propagates them to the next generation via replication. All Dnmts possess multiple domains, and in this chapter, the structures and functions of these domains are described.
在哺乳动物中，已经发现了三种 DNA 甲基转移酶，即 Dnmt1、Dnmt3a 和 Dnmt3b。Dnmt3a 和 Dnmt3b 负责在胚胎植入阶段和生殖细胞分化过程中，通过其新生型 DNA 甲基化活性建立 DNA 甲基化模式。据报道，Dnmt3-like（Dnmt3l）是 Dnmt3 家族的成员，但不具有 DNA 甲基化活性，是生殖细胞中全局甲基化不可或缺的部分。DNA 甲基化模式一旦建立，维持型 DNA 甲基转移酶 Dnmt1 就会通过复制将其忠实地传播给下一代。所有 Dnmts 都具有多个结构域，本章将介绍这些结构域的结构和功能。
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