Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in treatment against renal fibrosis

Clinical and translational discovery Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI:10.1002/ctd2.211

Jiantao Wang, Jianxin Cui, Shengqiang Yu, Shujie Xia

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Abstract

Background

Renal fibrosis (RF) is the main pathological pathway of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Its main pathological feature is extracellular matrix aggregation in the renal stroma and glomerulus. There is currently no effective treatment to delay or treat RF. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent somatic stem cells that can direct differentiation, direct cell-cell interactions and have secretory activity. The most important secretory activity of MSCs is mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs). At present, there is increasing evidence that EVs produced by MSCs may be used in regenerative methods of tissue repair.

Aim

The goal of this review is to present the latest efficacy of MSC-EVs in the prevention, treatment and improvement of RF caused by acute and chronic kidney injury and reveals the molecular mechanism of MSCs in various models.

Results and discussion

MSC-EVs show potential for RF by regulating autophagy, inhibiting apoptosis, countering oxidation, suppressing inflammation, reducing EMT and modulating angiogenesis.

Conclusion

MSC-EVs show potential for treating RF. However, more studies establishing their safety, efficiency and specific mechanisms in the context of RF are still needed before further clinical application.

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间充质干细胞衍生的细胞外小泡治疗肾纤维化

背景肾纤维化（RF）是急性肾损伤和慢性肾脏疾病的主要病理途径。其主要病理特征是肾间质和肾小球中的细胞外基质聚集。目前没有有效的治疗方法来延迟或治疗RF。间充质干细胞（MSCs）是一种多能体细胞干细胞，可以指导分化、指导细胞间相互作用并具有分泌活性。MSCs最重要的分泌活性是由细胞外小泡（EVs）介导的。目前，越来越多的证据表明，MSCs产生的EVs可用于组织修复的再生方法。目的介绍MSC-EVs在预防、治疗和改善急慢性肾损伤所致RF方面的最新疗效，并揭示MSCs在各种模型中的分子机制。结果和讨论MSC-EVs通过调节自噬、抑制细胞凋亡、抗氧化、抑制炎症、降低EMT和调节血管生成显示出RF的潜力。结论MSC-EVs具有治疗RF的潜力。然而，在进一步的临床应用之前，仍需要更多的研究来确定其在射频背景下的安全性、有效性和特定机制。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical and translational discovery

CiteScore

1.00

自引率

0.00%

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