Patrick Amoatey, Hamid Omidvarborna, Khalifa Al-Jabri, Issa Al-Harthy, Mahad Said Baawain, Abdullah Al-Mamun
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引用次数: 4
Abstract
This study aimed to predict winter season street-level ambient particulate matter (PM) depositions within human airways using Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry (MPPD) model. The PM exposure concentrations in the downtown street of As-Seeb, Oman were measured continuously over 20 days (31 October–9 December 2018) using a mobile ambient air quality monitoring instrument equipped with sensors. The MPPD model together with the associated default respiratory parameters was implemented to quantify the total, head, tracheobronchial (TB), and pulmonary (PL) regional PM depositions in airways among children (3, 8, and 14 years old) and adults (18 and 21 years old) groups. The street-level PM exposure concentration (µg/m3) levels for PM10 (avg 69.64; IQR 15.1), PM2.5 (avg 13.76; IQR 1.36) and PM1 (avg 3.67; IQR 0.52) was obtained during the winter season. The average 24-H PM2.5 (14 µg/m3) concentration was about 60, 50 and 44% lower when compared to US National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standard (CAAQS), and WHO daily ceilings of 35, 28 and 25 µg/m3, respectively. Across all the age groups, the total airways deposition was found to be very high in PM10 (92–99%), followed by PM2.5 (61–76%) and PM1 (33–49%) being the least. Similarly, the average deposition of PM10 in the head region (76%) was observed to be more than 4–15 times higher than TB (16%) and PL (4%) for all ages. Children recorded higher PM2.5 depositions in the TB (53–59%) region compared to adults (TB 47–51%). The PM10 lobar deposition of 8-year-old children is more than 7 times higher compared to 21-year-old adults due to their lower breathing heights and higher breathing rates. In general, PM clearance was very high in TB and poor in the alveolar region.
期刊介绍:
ASE is an international journal that publishes high-quality papers, communications, and discussion that advance aerosol science and engineering. Acceptable article forms include original research papers, review articles, letters, commentaries, news and views, research highlights, editorials, correspondence, and new-direction columns. ASE emphasizes the application of aerosol technology to both environmental and technical issues, and it provides a platform not only for basic research but also for industrial interests. We encourage scientists and researchers to submit papers that will advance our knowledge of aerosols and highlight new approaches for aerosol studies and new technologies for pollution control. ASE promotes cutting-edge studies of aerosol science and state-of-art instrumentation, but it is not limited to academic topics and instead aims to bridge the gap between basic science and industrial applications. ASE accepts papers covering a broad range of aerosol-related topics, including aerosol physical and chemical properties, composition, formation, transport and deposition, numerical simulation of air pollution incidents, chemical processes in the atmosphere, aerosol control technologies and industrial applications. In addition, ASE welcomes papers involving new and advanced methods and technologies that focus on aerosol pollution, sampling and analysis, including the invention and development of instrumentation, nanoparticle formation, nano technology, indoor and outdoor air quality monitoring, air pollution control, and air pollution remediation and feasibility assessments.