Noor-ul Huda, Shakeel Mahmood, Rida Sajjid, Muhammad Irfan Ahamad
{"title":"Spatio-temporal analysis of river channel pattern in lower course of River Ravi using GIS and remote sensing","authors":"Noor-ul Huda, Shakeel Mahmood, Rida Sajjid, Muhammad Irfan Ahamad","doi":"10.1007/s12518-023-00519-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to detect changes that occurred in Ravi River channel over the period of last three decades (1990 to 2020). This paper spatially and temporally assesses the changes and geo-visualize variation of Ravi River using Landsat imageries. The maximum likelihood image classification technique has been used to process and analyze the spatial data in geographic information system (GIS) environment. It was found from the results that vegetation cover has gradually decreased from 976 km<sup>2</sup> in 1990 to 905 km<sup>2</sup> in 2019, whereas the built-up land had increased from 82 to 188 km<sup>2</sup> in the same temporal extent. Generally, the channel is shifted from east to west and the growth of built-up land to towards river which has pushed the channel. Similarly, the extreme discharge also causes change in channel shifting. Minor floods have been occurred after 2010 but Ravi is not affected much as their discharge was not that much higher to put any abrupt or significant effect on Ravi River’s channel pattern.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46286,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geomatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Applied Geomatics","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12518-023-00519-6","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"REMOTE SENSING","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This study aims to detect changes that occurred in Ravi River channel over the period of last three decades (1990 to 2020). This paper spatially and temporally assesses the changes and geo-visualize variation of Ravi River using Landsat imageries. The maximum likelihood image classification technique has been used to process and analyze the spatial data in geographic information system (GIS) environment. It was found from the results that vegetation cover has gradually decreased from 976 km2 in 1990 to 905 km2 in 2019, whereas the built-up land had increased from 82 to 188 km2 in the same temporal extent. Generally, the channel is shifted from east to west and the growth of built-up land to towards river which has pushed the channel. Similarly, the extreme discharge also causes change in channel shifting. Minor floods have been occurred after 2010 but Ravi is not affected much as their discharge was not that much higher to put any abrupt or significant effect on Ravi River’s channel pattern.
期刊介绍：
Applied Geomatics (AGMJ) is the official journal of SIFET the Italian Society of Photogrammetry and Topography and covers all aspects and information on scientific and technical advances in the geomatics sciences. The Journal publishes innovative contributions in geomatics applications ranging from the integration of instruments, methodologies and technologies and their use in the environmental sciences, engineering and other natural sciences.
The areas of interest include many research fields such as: remote sensing, close range and videometric photogrammetry, image analysis, digital mapping, land and geographic information systems, geographic information science, integrated geodesy, spatial data analysis, heritage recording; network adjustment and numerical processes. Furthermore, Applied Geomatics is open to articles from all areas of deformation measurements and analysis, structural engineering, mechanical engineering and all trends in earth and planetary survey science and space technology. The Journal also contains notices of conferences and international workshops, industry news, and information on new products. It provides a useful forum for professional and academic scientists involved in geomatics science and technology.
Information on Open Research Funding and Support may be found here: https://www.springernature.com/gp/open-research/institutional-agreements
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