Evidentiary value of smile photographs from the internet for human identification: A pilot study

IF 0.8 Q4 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING
Chiam Thao Liang , Denice Higgins , Atika Ashar
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

Smile photographs retrieved from the internet can provide ante-mortem dental evidence to augment human identification. However, currently, the process is not validated and there is no agreed methodology. This study aims to evaluate the potential evidentiary value of dental data from these photographs for identification purposes.

Materials and methods

This study compared retrospective smile photographs from the internet with current smile photographs of ten (10) subjects using three (3) methods. 1. Conventional visual comparison of facial and dental features performed qualitatively noting the distinctive features. 2. Comparison of incisal edge tracings. 3. Semi-quantitative superimposition involving the computation of total correspondence scores and Index of Correspondence (IC). For each method, a score of 0–3 was allocated to score level of match. Matching scores were compared and statistically analysed.

Results

Individualising features could be visualised from smile photographs. For comparison, dental features visible in the photographs were reliable and consistent. Based on incisal edge tracing and dental superimposition, nine of ten current photographs were accurately matched to ones taken at an earlier time. Correct matches yielded significantly greater outcomes than incorrect matches when using incisal edge tracing and dental superimposition (p < 0.01). Grading outcomes from both methods are moderately positively correlated. Furthermore, both incisal edge tracing and dental superimposition significantly improved correct match grades (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Photographs of people smiling retrieved from the internet can show distinctive features of the dentition. Semi-quantitative parameters can enhance the amount of dental information obtained from photographs which may assist in identification. Several methods are proposed to maximise information extracted from photographs.

Abstract Image

网络微笑照片对人类识别的证据价值:一项初步研究
目的从互联网上检索到的牙齿照片可以提供验尸前的牙齿证据,以增强人类的识别能力。然而,目前,这一过程尚未得到验证,也没有商定的方法。本研究旨在评估这些照片中牙科数据的潜在证据价值,以便于识别。材料和方法本研究使用三(3)种方法将来自互联网的回顾性微笑照片与十(10)名受试者的当前微笑照片进行了比较。1.对面部和牙齿特征进行常规的视觉比较,定性地注意到不同的特征。2.切缘痕迹的比较。3.半定量叠加,涉及对应总分和对应指数(IC)的计算。对于每种方法,将0-3的分数分配给匹配的分数级别。对匹配分数进行比较和统计分析。结果从微笑照片中可以看到个性化特征。为了进行比较,照片中可见的牙齿特征是可靠和一致的。根据切缘追踪和牙齿叠加,目前十张照片中有九张与早期拍摄的照片准确匹配。当使用切缘追踪和牙齿叠加时,正确的匹配比不正确的匹配产生更大的结果(p<0.01)。两种方法的分级结果适度正相关。此外,切缘追踪和牙齿叠加都显著提高了正确匹配等级(p<0.05)。结论从互联网上检索到的人们微笑的照片可以显示出牙列的独特特征。半定量参数可以增强从照片中获得的牙齿信息的量,这可以有助于识别。提出了几种方法来最大化从照片中提取的信息。
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来源期刊
Forensic Imaging
Forensic Imaging RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING-
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
27.30%
发文量
39
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