Hydrogeochemical characterization and precursor anomalies of hot springs in the North Tianshan orogen

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Applied Geochemistry Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2023.105813

Zhihua Ding , Xiaocheng Zhou , Chengguo Wang , Jingchao Li , Miao He , Jiao Tian , Kayimu Saimaiernaji , Chengying Zhu , Wei Yan , Rong Ma , Xinyong Li , Na Li , Hui Liang , Tao Zhang , Jinyuan Dong

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The North Tianshan orogen consists of a series of thrust faults and is the most seismic region in China. In this paper, the characteristics of hot springs in the North Tianshan orogen are analyzed. Hydrochemical analysis of 13 hot springs and four mud volcanoes reveals that the cations of most hot springs are mainly Na⁺, while the anions are mainly Cl⁻.Atmospheric precipitation is the main recharge source for the hot springs in the study area, with recharge heights ranging from −9 to 2344 m. Heat storage analysis and trace element results showed deep fluid characteristics, which is consistent with deep circulation processes and regional extrusion pressure background. In addition, continuous measurements of six hot springs were conducted once every three days. The results showed that Cl⁻ and SO₄²⁻ concentration anomalies occurred before several earthquakes of M_L4.0 in the North Tianshan orogen. The hot springs SWQ, HTB, and WS, which have deeper circulation depths, show better responsiveness than X10, which has a shallow circulation depth. The deep circulation of hot springs increases fault sliding friction, which contributes to energy accumulation and strong seismogenesis, and participates in the seismogenesis process. Therefore, continuous monitoring of ion concentrations of deep-circulation hot springs can help identify effective precursor anomalies in the North Tianshan orogen.

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北天山造山带温泉水文地球化学特征及前兆异常

北天山造山带由一系列逆冲断层组成，是中国地震活动最频繁的地区。本文分析了北天山造山带的温泉特征。对13个温泉和4座泥火山的水化学分析表明，大多数温泉的阳离子主要为Na+，阴离子主要为Cl−。大气降水是研究区温泉的主要补给源，补给高度为−9～2344m。储热分析和微量元素分析结果显示了深层流体特征，这与深层环流过程和区域挤压压力背景一致。此外，每三天对六个温泉进行一次连续测量。结果表明，北天山造山带几次ML4.0级地震前均出现Cl−和SO42−浓度异常。循环深度较深的温泉SWQ、HTB和WS比循环深度较浅的X10表现出更好的响应性。温泉的深循环增加了断层滑动摩擦，有助于能量积累和强烈的地震发生，并参与了地震发生过程。因此，持续监测深循环温泉的离子浓度有助于识别北天山造山带的有效前兆异常。

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来源期刊

Applied Geochemistry 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

8.80%

发文量

272

审稿时长

65 days

期刊介绍： Applied Geochemistry is an international journal devoted to publication of original research papers, rapid research communications and selected review papers in geochemistry and urban geochemistry which have some practical application to an aspect of human endeavour, such as the preservation of the environment, health, waste disposal and the search for resources. Papers on applications of inorganic, organic and isotope geochemistry and geochemical processes are therefore welcome provided they meet the main criterion. Spatial and temporal monitoring case studies are only of interest to our international readership if they present new ideas of broad application. Topics covered include: (1) Environmental geochemistry (including natural and anthropogenic aspects, and protection and remediation strategies); (2) Hydrogeochemistry (surface and groundwater); (3) Medical (urban) geochemistry; (4) The search for energy resources (in particular unconventional oil and gas or emerging metal resources); (5) Energy exploitation (in particular geothermal energy and CCS); (6) Upgrading of energy and mineral resources where there is a direct geochemical application; and (7) Waste disposal, including nuclear waste disposal.