Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial communities in India: does gender really play a role?

IF 2.4 Q3 BUSINESS
M. Joshi, D. Pandit, S. Tiwari, Archana Choudhary
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Abstract

Purpose Using the extant literature review, this paper aims to explore the relationship between gender, entrepreneurial education (EE) and entrepreneurial intention (EI) in the Indian context, which the authors believe is a novel approach to this research stream. The authors also use career preparedness as a control variable to examine this relationship. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 368 undergraduate students across four Indian universities (one exclusively for female students) through a standard structured questionnaire. Additionally, rather than examining, EI has been treated as a monolithic construct; however, the authors conceptualize it as comprising three different dimensions that include grand vision and risk-taking ability; opportunity exploitation; and ability to persevere. An additional analysis was conducted for the students who reported higher scores for “being well prepared for their careers” through their institutes’ academic programs and communities of entrepreneurs. The authors also interviewed some entrepreneurship instructors, who confirmed the present findings through their observations. Findings The findings indicate that, essentially, there is a positive relationship between EE and EI. The authors find that male students scored higher for the first two dimensions of EI but not the third. Additionally, the authors used career preparedness as a control variable for additional analysis. The authors observed that students with higher “career preparedness” reported a positive relationship between EE and EI, independent of gender, for all three dimensions of EI. Thus, it may be assumed that if a community of entrepreneurs needs to be developed in India, a focus on career preparedness is critical. Research limitations/implications First, given that the present survey reflected a single moment in linking EE to EI (which may be considered a limitation of the study), future researchers might focus on a longitudinal approach. Second, all the respondents are attending urban universities (and, as such, very likely belong to the upper middle class of Indian society). The financial divide between urban and rural India is well known; as such, the results might be different if the sample was drawn from rural and poor India. Originality/value The salience/value of this study lies in the conceptualization of EI comprising three sub-constructs to understand the impact of formal EE (with three sub-constructs) on EI. The focus on career preparedness for a female student is a new direction of inquiry with respect to entrepreneurial intention.
印度的创业教育和创业社区:性别真的发挥了作用吗?
目的利用现有文献综述,本文旨在探讨印度背景下性别、创业教育(EE)和创业意向(EI)之间的关系,作者认为这是一种新的研究方法。作者还将职业准备作为一个控制变量来检验这种关系。设计/方法/方法通过标准结构化问卷从印度四所大学的368名本科生(其中一所专为女生)中收集数据。此外,EI被视为一个整体结构,而不是检查;然而,作者将其概念化为包括三个不同的维度,包括宏大的愿景和冒险能力;机会开发;以及坚持不懈的能力。对那些通过学院的学术项目和企业家社区报告“为自己的职业生涯做好了充分准备”的学生进行了额外的分析。作者还采访了一些创业导师,他们通过观察证实了目前的发现。研究结果表明,从本质上讲,EE和EI之间存在正相关关系。作者发现,男生在EI的前两个维度得分较高,但在第三个维度得分不高。此外,作者使用职业准备作为额外分析的控制变量。作者观察到,在EI的所有三个维度上,“职业准备”较高的学生报告称,独立于性别,EE和EI之间存在积极关系。因此,可以假设,如果印度需要发展一个企业家社区,那么关注职业准备至关重要。研究局限性/含义首先,鉴于目前的调查反映了将EE与EI联系起来的单一时刻(这可能被认为是研究的局限性),未来的研究人员可能会专注于纵向方法。其次,所有受访者都就读于城市大学(因此,很可能属于印度社会的中上阶层)。印度城乡之间的金融鸿沟是众所周知的;因此,如果样本来自印度农村和贫困地区,结果可能会有所不同。独创性/价值本研究的显著性/价值在于EI的概念化,包括三个子结构,以理解形式EE(有三个子结构)对EI的影响。关注女学生的职业准备是研究创业意向的一个新方向。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
8.30%
发文量
35
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