New ring shear deformation apparatus for three-dimensional multiphase experiments: first results

IF 1.8 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
S. McLafferty, Haley Bix, K. Bogatz, J. Reber
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Abstract. Multiphase deformation, where a solid and fluid phase deform simultaneously, plays a crucial role in a variety of geological hazards, such as landslides, glacial slip, and the transition from earthquakes to slow slip. In all these examples, a continuous, viscous, or fluid-like phase is mixed with a granular or brittle phase, where both phases deform simultaneously when stressed. Understanding the interaction between the phases and how they will impact deformation dynamics is crucial to improve the hazard assessments for a wide variety of geohazards. Here, we present the design and first experimental results from a ring shear deformation apparatus capable of deforming multiple phases simultaneously. The experimental design allows for 3D observations during deformation in addition to unlimited shear strain, controllable normal force, and a variety of boundary conditions. To impose shear deformation, either the experimental chamber or lid rotate around its central axis while the other remains stationary. Normal and pulling force data are collected with force gauges located on the lid of the apparatus and between the pulling motor and the experimental chamber. Experimental materials are chosen to match the light refraction index of the experimental chamber, such that 3D observations can be made throughout the experiment with the help of a laser light sheet. We present experimental results where we deform hydropolymer orbs (brittle phase) and Carbopol® hydropolymer gel (fluid phase). Preliminary results show variability in force measurements and deformation styles between solid and fluid end-member experiments. The ratio of solids to fluids and their relative competencies in multiphase experiments control deformation dynamics, which range from stick–slip to creep. The presented experimental strategy has the potential to shed light on multiphase processes associated with multiple geohazards.
用于三维多相实验的新型环形剪切变形装置:首次结果
摘要固相和液相同时变形的多相变形在各种地质灾害中发挥着至关重要的作用,如滑坡、冰川滑动以及从地震到缓慢滑动的转变。在所有这些例子中,连续的、粘性的或类似流体的相与粒状或脆性相混合,其中两个相在受力时同时变形。了解各阶段之间的相互作用以及它们将如何影响变形动力学,对于改进各种地质灾害的危害评估至关重要。在这里,我们介绍了能够同时使多个相变形的环形剪切变形装置的设计和第一个实验结果。除了无限剪切应变、可控法向力和各种边界条件外,实验设计还允许在变形过程中进行三维观测。为了施加剪切变形,实验室或盖子绕其中心轴旋转,而另一个保持静止。使用位于仪器盖上、牵引电机和实验室之间的测力仪收集法向和拉力数据。选择实验材料以匹配实验室的光折射率,从而可以在激光片的帮助下在整个实验过程中进行3D观察。我们展示了使含氢聚合物球体(脆性相)和Carbopol®含氢聚合物凝胶(液相)变形的实验结果。初步结果显示,在固体和流体端构件实验之间,力测量和变形方式存在差异。固体与流体的比例及其在多相实验中的相对能力控制着从粘滑到蠕变的变形动力学。所提出的实验策略有可能揭示与多种地质灾害相关的多相过程。
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来源期刊
Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems
Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARYMETEOROLOGY-METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
23
审稿时长
37 weeks
期刊介绍: Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems (GI) is an open-access interdisciplinary electronic journal for swift publication of original articles and short communications in the area of geoscientific instruments. It covers three main areas: (i) atmospheric and geospace sciences, (ii) earth science, and (iii) ocean science. A unique feature of the journal is the emphasis on synergy between science and technology that facilitates advances in GI. These advances include but are not limited to the following: concepts, design, and description of instrumentation and data systems; retrieval techniques of scientific products from measurements; calibration and data quality assessment; uncertainty in measurements; newly developed and planned research platforms and community instrumentation capabilities; major national and international field campaigns and observational research programs; new observational strategies to address societal needs in areas such as monitoring climate change and preventing natural disasters; networking of instruments for enhancing high temporal and spatial resolution of observations. GI has an innovative two-stage publication process involving the scientific discussion forum Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems Discussions (GID), which has been designed to do the following: foster scientific discussion; maximize the effectiveness and transparency of scientific quality assurance; enable rapid publication; make scientific publications freely accessible.
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