Micropropagación del lirio amazónico (Eucharis grandiflora Planch. & Linden) mediante organogénesis directa

Abstract

R ESUMEN : El lirio amazónico ( Eucharis grandiflora Planch. & Linden) es una planta geófita de uso ornamental y se propaga a través de la división de brotes adventicios. No obstante, este método es limitado, debido a que un bulbo produce solo dos o tres hijuelos después de un año de cultivo, por lo que el objetivo de esta investigación fue elaborar una metodología que permita la micropropagación de esta especie mediante organogénesis directa, y de este modo incrementar el número de plántulas nuevas en sistemas comerciales. Durante el establecimiento in vitro , se usaron explantes de 0.5 X 1.0 cm conformados por una porción del catáfilo y del disco basal y se cultivaron en el medio de Murashige & Skoog (MS) suplementado con 2.0 ml·L -1 de Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM™). Para la inducción y multiplicación de brotes adventicios se evaluó el efecto de la 6-bencil-aminopurina (BAP) en concentraciones de 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0 medium (MS) supplemented with 2.0 ml·L -1 of Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM™). For the induction and multiplication of adventitious shoots, the effect of 6-benzyl-aminopurine (BAP) was evaluated in concentrations of 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0 and 3.0 mg·L -1 and the number of new shoots every week was determined. The shoots obtained were subcultured in a medium without regulators to promote their development, and the sucrose content was evaluated in concentrations of 30 to 70 g·L -1 . For rooting, indol-3-acetic acid (AIA), indol-3-butyric acid (AIB), and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (ANA) were used, in concentrations of 0.3 and 1.0 mg·L -1 . Incubation conditions were a photoperiod of 16 light hours and 8 dark hours, at a temperature of 25 ± 2 ºC and a light intensity of 50 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 . The rooted shoots were acclimatized in pots with peat moss and were kept in a glass greenhouse with 50% shade. In the establishment, contamination of 30% was obtained. During multiplication, the use of 3.0 mg·L -1 BAP produced a maximum of 3.8 shoots per explant 35 days after culture. The best development of shoots was obtained with 50 g·L -1 of sucrose. In rooting, AIA, and AIB (0.3 mg·L -1 ) produced a greater root length. During acclimatization, 100% survival was obtained 50 days after transplanting and acclimatization.