Hidden in the litter: cryptic diversity of the leaf-litter toad Rhinella castaneotica–proboscidea complex revealed through integrative taxonomy, with description of a new species from south-western Amazonia

IF 1.8 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Systematics and Biodiversity Pub Date : 2022-02-17 DOI:10.1080/14772000.2022.2039317

Miquéias Ferrão, Romildo Augusto de Souza, O. Colatreli, J. Hanken, A. Lima

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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Recent studies have showed that several species of frogs previously thought to be widespread throughout Amazonia are species complexes with each individual species displaying smaller geographic ranges and that only a small fraction of Amazonian frogs are indeed widely distributed. Evaluating cryptic diversity within these complexes and describing associated candidate species are crucial for biological conservation, especially in regions where tropical forest is rapidly vanishing such as in southern Amazonia. In this study, we integrate mitochondrial (16S rRNA), morphological, bioacoustic and breeding behaviour data to investigate whether populations of the leaf-litter toad Rhinella castaneotica–proboscidea complex are conspecific as suggested by former studies. Our molecular analysis recovered five main clades in this complex whose geographic distributions are likely limited by geographic barriers. Morphological, bioacoustic and breeding behaviour data support the heterospecificity of three of them. The names R. proboscidea sensu stricto and R. castaneotica sensu stricto are applied to the populations from central and eastern Amazonia, respectively. The population from south-western Amazonia is described herein as a new species. It differs from other members of the R. margaritifera species group by its snout–vent length (35.7–45.2 mm in males and 38.3–52.1 mm in females), poorly developed supratympanic crests, dorsal skin smooth in males and granular in females, and advertisement call with average call duration of 285 ± 28 ms, 11 ± 1 notes, last note duration of 41 ± 10 ms and dominant frequency of 1,810 ± 220 Hz. Moreover, males of the new species vocalize while aggregated in temporary ponds unconnected to streams and do not exhibit necrophilic behaviour. South-western Amazonia is one of the Amazonian regions most threatened by forest loss and the formal description of new species adds impetus to support conservation strategies. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8F14DC28-DD0C-498C-B27D-113264EBE7CE2F0A

查看原文本刊更多论文

隐藏在枯枝落叶中：通过综合分类学揭示了枯枝蟾蜍Rhinella castaneotica-长鼻目复合体的神秘多样性，并描述了亚马逊西南部的一个新种

最近的研究表明，以前被认为在亚马逊地区广泛分布的几种蛙类是物种复合体，每种蛙类的地理范围都较小，而且只有一小部分亚马逊蛙类确实广泛分布。评估这些复合体中的隐蔽多样性并描述相关的候选物种对生物保护至关重要，尤其是在热带森林迅速消失的地区，如亚马逊南部。在这项研究中，我们整合了线粒体（16S rRNA）、形态学、生物声学和繁殖行为数据，以调查枯叶蟾蜍Rhinella castaneotica-长鼻蟾蜍复合体的种群是否如先前研究所示是同种的。我们的分子分析发现了该复合体中的五个主要分支，其地理分布可能受到地理障碍的限制。形态学、生物声学和繁殖行为数据支持其中三种的异特异性。R.probosccidea senso-stricto和R.castaneotica senso-strict分别适用于亚马逊中部和东部的种群。来自亚马逊西南部的种群在本文中被描述为一个新物种。它与R.margartifera物种群的其他成员的不同之处在于其吻部-喷口长度（35.7–45.2 男性为38.3–52.1毫米 mm），鼓室上嵴发育不良，雄性背部皮肤光滑，雌性背部皮肤有颗粒状，广告呼叫平均持续时间为285 ± 28 毫秒，11 ± 1个音符，最后一个音符时长41 ± 10 ms和主频1810 ± 220 赫兹。此外，新物种的雄性在聚集在与溪流无关的临时池塘中时会发声，并且不会表现出亲尸行为。亚马逊西南部是受森林损失威胁最大的亚马逊地区之一，对新物种的正式描述为支持保护战略增添了动力。http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8F14DC28-DD0C-498C-B27D-113264 be7ce2f0a

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来源期刊

Systematics and Biodiversity 环境科学-生物多样性保护

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>24 weeks

期刊介绍： Systematics and Biodiversity is devoted to whole-organism biology. It is a quarterly, international, peer-reviewed, life science journal, without page charges, which is published by Taylor & Francis for The Natural History Museum, London. The criterion for publication is scientific merit. Systematics and Biodiversity documents the diversity of organisms in all natural phyla, through taxonomic papers that have a broad context (not single species descriptions), while also addressing topical issues relating to biological collections, and the principles of systematics. It particularly emphasises the importance and multi-disciplinary significance of systematics, with contributions which address the implications of other fields for systematics, or which advance our understanding of other fields through taxonomic knowledge, especially in relation to the nature, origins, and conservation of biodiversity, at all taxonomic levels. The journal does not publish single species descriptions, monographs or applied research nor alpha species descriptions. Taxonomic manuscripts must include modern methods such as cladistics or phylogenetic analysis.