Prediction of Nipple and Areola Complex Invasion in Breast Cancer Patients. Clinical and Pathological Study of Surgical Specimens

Abstract

Breast conservation surgery (BCS) and nipple-areola-sparing (NAS) mastectomy have been recognized as two milestones in this period. This study included 60 Egyptian female patients with breast cancer, all of them were subjected to modified radical mastectomy operation. Methods: This study included female patients > 18 years old who have breast cancer with healthy looking non invaded skin of nipple and areola and excluded patients 4 cm; 3) No multifocal/multicentric tumor; 4) Absence of lymph node invasion; 5) Tumor grade (grade I, II); 6) Peripheral not central tumor; 7) No sub-areolar lymphovascular invasion (LVI); 8) ER receptor positive; 9) PR receptor positive; 10) HER2 negative.