Local Food and Transnational Science

IF 0.9 3区 哲学 Q2 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Osiris Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI:10.1086/709183
D. Lu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This article focuses on new boundary issues that have emerged from the encounter of modern science from abroad and local foodstuffs exemplified by the caterpillar fungus in Republican China (1912–49). The caterpillar fungus was believed in premodern Chinese society to be able to reversibly transform from a blade of grass to a worm, thereby crossing boundaries between two species. It had different uses, ranging from a culinary ingredient to a medicinal substance, and in this way also crossed boundaries of identity. At the beginning of the twentieth century, scientific scholarship from Japan began to bring new perceptions of the fungus to Chinese society through translation. Modern science expanded human vision into the microscopic structure of the caterpillar fungus, and deconstructed it into two nontransformable species grouped with other similar species. The Chinese term for it also entered the Japanese language. However, the category of the term was broadened, crossing the boundary between the caterpillar fungus and other similar species, thereby indicating semantic boundaries of shared vocabulary. As local food or material culture in Republican China engaged scientific attention, the caterpillar fungus as a disenchanted wonder of nature sometimes transformed into a scientific wonder, eliciting new explorations within different scientific boundaries. The new scholarship led to tensions and negotiations between domains of knowledge about this organism but would not necessarily drive out the vernacular culinary or medical expertise. The emergent boundary issues overall depict both rupture and continuity in modern Chinese food knowledge.
本土食品与跨国科学
本文以民国时期(1912-49)的虫草为例,探讨了近代科学与地方食品相遇后出现的新的边界问题。在前现代中国社会,人们认为虫草能够从一片草叶可逆地转变为一种蠕虫,从而跨越两个物种之间的界限。它有不同的用途,从烹饪原料到药用物质,以这种方式也跨越了身份的界限。20世纪初,日本的科学研究开始通过翻译为中国社会带来对真菌的新认识。现代科学将人类的视野扩展到虫草的微观结构中,并将其解构为与其他类似物种分组的两个不可转换的物种。汉语中对它的称呼也进入了日语。然而,该术语的类别被拓宽了,跨越了虫草和其他类似物种之间的界限,从而表明了共享词汇的语义边界。随着民国时期当地的食物或物质文化引起科学界的关注,虫草作为一种不再幻想的自然奇观有时会转变为一种科学奇观,在不同的科学边界内引发新的探索。新的奖学金导致了关于这种生物的知识领域之间的紧张关系和谈判,但不一定会淘汰当地的烹饪或医学专业知识。新出现的边界问题总体上描述了中国现代饮食知识的断裂与延续。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Osiris
Osiris 管理科学-科学史与科学哲学
CiteScore
1.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
18
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Founded in 1936 by George Sarton, and relaunched by the History of Science Society in 1985, Osiris is an annual thematic journal that highlights research on significant themes in the history of science. Recent volumes have included Scientific Masculinities, History of Science and the Emotions, and Data Histories.
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