Nitrogen and trinexapac-ethyl effects on wheat grain yield, lodging and seed physiological quality in southern Brazil

IF 1.6 4区农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Experimental Agriculture Pub Date : 2022-06-23 DOI:10.1017/S0014479722000217

Lucas Pinto de Faria, S. Silva, R. Lollato

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Summary Nitrogen (N) fertilization affects wheat yield and grain protein concentration; however, its mismanagement can increase plant lodging. While the use of plant growth regulators such as trinexapac-ethyl (TE) can mitigate plant lodging, their effects on seed physiological quality are not well known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of N fertilization and TE on wheat yield, lodging and seed quality of spring wheat varieties. It was carried out in the 2018 growing season in the environments of Londrina and Ponta Grossa, Brazil. A randomized complete block design was used with a 2 × 3 × 3 factorial arrangement to evaluate two wheat genotypes (WT 15008 and WT 15025), three top-dressing N rates (0, 40 and 120 kg ha−1), and three TE rates (0, 50 and 100 g ha−1). Agronomic characteristics related to wheat productivity (hectolitre weight, thousand-grain weight, density of fertile spikes, plant height, lodging and grain yield) and seed physiological quality (seed germination and vigour; length and dry matter of normal seedlings) were evaluated. Increasing N rates up to 120 kg ha−1 increased plant lodging up to 26.4 percentage points for WT 15025 in Londrina. TE impaired some traits of seed physiological quality. Spraying 100 g ha−1 TE on the plants reduced seedling length by 9.4% in the seeds of WT 15008 harvested in Ponta Grossa compared to the TE control (0 g ha−1). The dry matter of the seedlings from the seeds harvested in Londrina declined by 7.2% due to the application of 100 g ha−1 TE, compared to the control. However, a lower rate of TE (50 g ha−1) might be enough to minimize plant lodging without impairing the physiological quality of the seeds, depending on the rate of N fertilization. This study is the first step in providing empirical evidence for the detrimental effects of TE in combination with N on wheat seed quality, suggesting that seed producers should exercise caution in managing TE and N fertilization.

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氮和三内六烯酸乙酯对巴西南部小麦产量、倒伏和种子生理品质的影响

施氮影响小麦产量和籽粒蛋白质浓度；然而，其管理不善可能会增加植物倒伏。虽然使用植物生长调节剂，如乙基三内六胺（TE）可以减轻植物倒伏，但其对种子生理质量的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在评价施氮和施TE对春小麦产量、倒伏和种子品质的影响。它于2018年生长季节在巴西隆德里纳和蓬塔格罗萨的环境中进行。采用2×3×3因子排列的随机完全区组设计来评估两种小麦基因型（WT 15008和WT 15025）、三种追肥氮率（0、40和120 kg ha−1）和三种TE率（0，50和100 g ha−1。评估了与小麦生产力（百升重、千粒重、可育穗密度、株高、倒伏和籽粒产量）和种子生理质量（种子发芽率和活力；正常幼苗的长度和干物质）相关的农艺特征。将施氮量增加到120 kg ha−1可使龙德里纳WT 15025的植物倒伏增加26.4个百分点。TE损害了种子某些生理品质性状。与TE对照（0 g ha−1）相比，在蓬塔格罗萨收获的WT 15008种子中，向植物喷洒100 g ha−2 TE使幼苗长度减少了9.4%。与对照相比，由于施用100 g ha−1 TE，在龙舌兰收获的种子的幼苗干物质下降了7.2%。然而，较低的TE率（50 g ha−1）可能足以在不损害种子生理质量的情况下最大限度地减少植物倒伏，这取决于N施肥率。这项研究是为TE与N结合对小麦种子质量的有害影响提供经验证据的第一步，表明种子生产者在管理TE和N施肥时应谨慎。

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来源期刊

Experimental Agriculture 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

2.50

自引率

6.20%

发文量

审稿时长

24 months

期刊介绍： With a focus on the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world, Experimental Agriculture publishes the results of original research on field, plantation and herbage crops grown for food or feed, or for industrial purposes, and on farming systems, including livestock and people. It reports experimental work designed to explain how crops respond to the environment in biological and physical terms, and on the social and economic issues that may influence the uptake of the results of research by policy makers and farmers, including the role of institutions and partnerships in delivering impact. The journal also publishes accounts and critical discussions of new quantitative and qualitative methods in agricultural and ecosystems research, and of contemporary issues arising in countries where agricultural production needs to develop rapidly. There is a regular book review section and occasional, often invited, reviews of research.