Application of nanomaterials in early diagnosis of cancer

IF 6.1 3区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Yuyan Guo, Shuangyu Shao, Ruinan Gu, Xiubo Hu, Man Zhao, Yanbo Peng, Wenyuan Zhang, Beining Zhang, Jiaxin Ding, Na Wang, Haisheng Peng, Jinxia Han
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract Early diagnosis of cancer is beneficial to improve the outcomes of clinical treatment and reduce cancer mortality. Nanomaterials (NMs) have exhibited significant advantages in early diagnosis of cancer. Due to the integrated structure and features of NMs, they can easily penetrate the tissue for the in vivo diagnosis and identify cancer cells after specific conjugation with unique markers expressed on or within the cancer cells based on the biological imaging such as Raman imaging, fluorescence imaging, and near-infrared imaging, whereas the NMs for the in vitro diagnosis can detect signals based on the electrochemical reactions, immune reactions, and colorimetric reactions, analyzing cancer markers such as small molecules, proteins (or enzymes), genetic materials or cells in the blood, urine, and saliva. NMs with novel physical properties facilitate the detection and imaging of low concentrations and enable the sensitive capture of small cancer biomarkers, achieving early cancer detection. However, a comprehensive summary of such NMs has not been reported. This article provides a detailed review of the types and diagnostic mechanisms of NMs for early cancer diagnosis, emphasizing new perspectives on the use of the in vivo and the in vitro NMs for early cancer diagnosis and proposing the development prospects of such NMs. This will provide new ideas and scientific references for the application of NMs in early cancer diagnosis. Graphical abstract
纳米材料在癌症早期诊断中的应用
摘要癌症的早期诊断有利于提高临床治疗效果,降低癌症死亡率。纳米材料(NMs)在癌症的早期诊断中显示出显著的优势。由于NMs的综合结构和特征,它们可以容易地穿透组织进行体内诊断,并在与癌症细胞上或细胞内表达的独特标记物特异性结合后,基于拉曼成像、荧光成像和近红外成像等生物成像,识别癌症细胞,而用于体外诊断的NMs可以基于电化学反应、免疫反应和比色反应检测信号,分析癌症标记物,例如血液、尿液和唾液中的小分子、蛋白质(或酶)、遗传物质或细胞。具有新物理性质的NMs有助于低浓度的检测和成像,并能够灵敏地捕获小型癌症生物标志物,实现癌症的早期检测。然而,尚未报告对此类NMs的全面总结。本文对NMs用于癌症早期诊断的类型和诊断机制进行了详细综述,强调了体内和体外NMs用于癌症早期诊断的新观点,并提出了此类NMs的发展前景。这将为NMs在癌症早期诊断中的应用提供新的思路和科学参考。图形摘要
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来源期刊
Nanotechnology Reviews
Nanotechnology Reviews CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY
CiteScore
11.40
自引率
13.50%
发文量
137
审稿时长
7 weeks
期刊介绍: The bimonthly journal Nanotechnology Reviews provides a platform for scientists and engineers of all involved disciplines to exchange important recent research on fundamental as well as applied aspects. While expert reviews provide a state of the art assessment on a specific topic, research highlight contributions present most recent and novel findings. In addition to technical contributions, Nanotechnology Reviews publishes articles on implications of nanotechnology for society, environment, education, intellectual property, industry, and politics.
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