{"title":"Chemical treatment of oilfield wastewater and the effect of temperature on treatment efficiency: A review","authors":"Arafat Husain , Mamdouh A. Al-Harthi","doi":"10.1016/j.petrol.2022.111089","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Treatment of the oilfield wastewater from the chemical and petroleum industries<span>, often present in the form of emulsion, is one of the major environmental concern in current times. Demulsification is presently the most viable method to separate the oil and water from a rigid, homogenous emulsion especially, chemical demulsification. Mostly, chemical demulsifiers used at high temperature can give enhanced separation efficiency and result in the use of less dosage of expensive chemicals. Mainly, the reservoir conditions also exist at high temperature, thus, it is important to consider the effect of temperature for the selection of best choice among available demulsifiers. The review discusses the recent discoveries and modification among the existing demulsifiers such as triblock EO-PO copolymer, non-biodegradable polymers, branched copolymers and others. The major chemical demulsifiers and their upcoming alternatives such as the </span></span>nanomaterial<span><span> demulsifiers and ionic liquids have also been discussed in great details. Chemical structure and </span>molecular weight<span> were found to influence the emulsion breaking ability of a demulsifier. The surface properties play an important role in the selection of appropriate demulsifier whether hydrophobic or hydrophilic. Method of heating whether microwave or conventional heating, doesn't play a significant role in influencing the emulsion breaking efficiency of </span></span></span>polymeric surfactants. However, microwave heating is preferred for demulsification by ionic liquids. Lastly, the whole mechanism of chemical demulsification and few upcoming chemical treatments for demulsification are also well described in brief.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16717,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 111089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"9","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092041052200941X","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Abstract
Treatment of the oilfield wastewater from the chemical and petroleum industries, often present in the form of emulsion, is one of the major environmental concern in current times. Demulsification is presently the most viable method to separate the oil and water from a rigid, homogenous emulsion especially, chemical demulsification. Mostly, chemical demulsifiers used at high temperature can give enhanced separation efficiency and result in the use of less dosage of expensive chemicals. Mainly, the reservoir conditions also exist at high temperature, thus, it is important to consider the effect of temperature for the selection of best choice among available demulsifiers. The review discusses the recent discoveries and modification among the existing demulsifiers such as triblock EO-PO copolymer, non-biodegradable polymers, branched copolymers and others. The major chemical demulsifiers and their upcoming alternatives such as the nanomaterial demulsifiers and ionic liquids have also been discussed in great details. Chemical structure and molecular weight were found to influence the emulsion breaking ability of a demulsifier. The surface properties play an important role in the selection of appropriate demulsifier whether hydrophobic or hydrophilic. Method of heating whether microwave or conventional heating, doesn't play a significant role in influencing the emulsion breaking efficiency of polymeric surfactants. However, microwave heating is preferred for demulsification by ionic liquids. Lastly, the whole mechanism of chemical demulsification and few upcoming chemical treatments for demulsification are also well described in brief.
期刊介绍：
The objective of the Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering is to bridge the gap between the engineering, the geology and the science of petroleum and natural gas by publishing explicitly written articles intelligible to scientists and engineers working in any field of petroleum engineering, natural gas engineering and petroleum (natural gas) geology. An attempt is made in all issues to balance the subject matter and to appeal to a broad readership.
The Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering covers the fields of petroleum (and natural gas) exploration, production and flow in its broadest possible sense. Topics include: origin and accumulation of petroleum and natural gas; petroleum geochemistry; reservoir engineering; reservoir simulation; rock mechanics; petrophysics; pore-level phenomena; well logging, testing and evaluation; mathematical modelling; enhanced oil and gas recovery; petroleum geology; compaction/diagenesis; petroleum economics; drilling and drilling fluids; thermodynamics and phase behavior; fluid mechanics; multi-phase flow in porous media; production engineering; formation evaluation; exploration methods; CO2 Sequestration in geological formations/sub-surface; management and development of unconventional resources such as heavy oil and bitumen, tight oil and liquid rich shales.
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