Retinoids in Treatment of Colorectal Cancer

IF 2.7 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Colorectal Cancer Pub Date : 2020-09-24 DOI:10.5772/INTECHOPEN.93699

C. Facey, B. Boman

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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Retinoids are vitamin A metabolites best known for their role in embryonic development. Indeed, retinoid acid (RA) signaling plays a key role in regulating the development of the embryo body-plan by controlling embryonic stem cells (SCs). Retinoids function through their ability to induce cellular differentiation. Mutations in RA signaling pathway genes occur in most human cancers. The classic example is the chromosomal translocation involving RA receptor alpha in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Because all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is a highly effective and often curative treatment for APL patients, determining if retinoids are efficacious for other cancer types is imperative. We review the current research on retinoids in colorectal cancer (CRC) and provide bioinformatics analyses of RA signaling. Our results show that most RA pathway genes are overexpressed and often mutated in CRC. Moreover, aberrant expression of many RA signaling proteins predicts decreased CRC patient survival. We also review aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) expression in CRC because ALDH is a key enzyme in RA signaling, which regulates colonic SCs. Further investigation of RA signaling mechanisms that regulate colon SCs and how dysregulation contributes to the SC overpopulation that drives CRC growth should provide insight into strategies for designing new SC-targeted therapies for CRC.

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类维生素a治疗结直肠癌

类维生素A是维生素A的代谢产物，以其在胚胎发育中的作用而闻名。事实上，维甲酸（RA）信号传导通过控制胚胎干细胞（SC）在调节胚胎身体计划的发育中发挥着关键作用。类视网膜通过其诱导细胞分化的能力发挥作用。RA信号通路基因的突变发生在大多数人类癌症中。典型的例子是急性早幼粒细胞白血病（APL）中涉及RA受体α的染色体易位。由于全反式维甲酸（ATRA）是APL患者的一种高效且经常治愈的治疗方法，因此确定维甲酸是否对其他癌症类型有效是当务之急。我们综述了类视黄醇在癌症（CRC）中的研究现状，并提供了RA信号的生物信息学分析。我们的研究结果表明，大多数RA通路基因在CRC中过表达，并且经常发生突变。此外，许多RA信号蛋白的异常表达预示着CRC患者生存率的降低。我们还综述了醛脱氢酶（ALDH）在CRC中的表达，因为ALDH是RA信号传导的关键酶，它调节结肠SC。进一步研究调节结肠SC的RA信号机制，以及失调如何导致SC过多，从而驱动CRC生长，应为设计新的SC靶向CRC治疗策略提供见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Colorectal Cancer ONCOLOGY-

自引率

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期刊介绍： Colorectal cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in the developed world. Risk factors for colorectal cancer are on the rise in many countries; populations are aging, and obesity and diabetes are increasing. National screening programs are helping to detect cancer while it is still curable; however, colorectal cancer remains the third leading cause of cancer deaths in the USA and options are still limited for those with more advanced disease. Consequently, colorectal cancer is a major research priority for government, pharmaceutical companies and non-profit organizations. Research into diagnosis and optimum treatment of the disease is progressing rapidly, with new advances reported every day. Colorectal Cancer presents reviews, analysis and commentary. on all aspects of colorectal cancer.