Assessment of salivary Alkaline Phosphatase in patients with healthy gingiva on reduced periodontium versus periodontitis

Abstract

Background: Alveolar bone loss is a significant factor in the breakdown of tissues in periodontal disease. The condition compromises the structural integrity of alveolar bone by altering its microenvironment. Numerous molecular activities, such as Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), control the process. Aims: This study aims to assess the level of salivary Alkaline Phosphatase with healthy gingiva on the reduced periodontium and compare them to their level in periodontitis patients. Patients and Methods: Seventy five participants, both male and female, who took part in this study had their salivary ALP assessed. There were three groups formed from the participants: the first group clinically healthy periodontium control group (n=15), second group consisted of generalized periodontitis stage II and III (n=30), and third group healthy gingiva on reduced periodontium (n=30). Each group systemically healthy. The entire unstimulated salivary samples were taken, and all subjects underwent a periodontal evaluation, which included the assessment of clinical periodontal parameters (PLI, GI, BOP, PPD, and CAL). The concentration of ALP in saliva is measured using the ELISA method. Results: A moderate positive significant correlation was found between ALP with CAL in periodontitis and positive weak significant correlation between ALP and CAL in excessive brushing group , as well as; the result revealed that The mean of salivary ALP was significantly lower in the control group(20.33IU/L) than both the periodontitis and the excessive brushing group, while between periodontitis(72.50 IU/L) and excessive brushing (68.73 IU/L) there was no significant difference. Conclusion: Healthy gingiva on reduced periodontium caused by excessive brushing is associated with high salivary levels of ALP.