Environment, Epigenetics, and the Pace of Human Aging

IF 2.8 2区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Annual Review of Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-07-26 DOI:10.1146/annurev-anthro-052721-090516

Elisabeth A. Goldman, K. Sterner

{"title":"Environment, Epigenetics, and the Pace of Human Aging","authors":"Elisabeth A. Goldman, K. Sterner","doi":"10.1146/annurev-anthro-052721-090516","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The trajectory of human aging varies widely from one individual to the next due to complex interactions between the genome and the environment that influence the aging process. Such differences in age-specific mortality and disease risk among same-aged individuals reflect variation in the pace of biological aging. Certain mechanisms involved in the progression of biological aging originate in the epigenome, where chemical modifications to the genome are able to alter gene expression without modifying the underlying DNA sequence. The epigenome serves as an interface for environmental signals, which are able to “get under the skin” to influence health and aging. A number of the molecular mechanisms involved in the aging process have been identified, although few aging phenotypes have been definitively traced to their underlying molecular causes thus far. In this review, we discuss variation in human biological aging and the epigenome's role in promoting heterogeneity in human longevity and healthspan. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Anthropology, Volume 52 is October 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":48296,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annual Review of Anthropology","FirstCategoryId":"90","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-052721-090516","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ANTHROPOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The trajectory of human aging varies widely from one individual to the next due to complex interactions between the genome and the environment that influence the aging process. Such differences in age-specific mortality and disease risk among same-aged individuals reflect variation in the pace of biological aging. Certain mechanisms involved in the progression of biological aging originate in the epigenome, where chemical modifications to the genome are able to alter gene expression without modifying the underlying DNA sequence. The epigenome serves as an interface for environmental signals, which are able to “get under the skin” to influence health and aging. A number of the molecular mechanisms involved in the aging process have been identified, although few aging phenotypes have been definitively traced to their underlying molecular causes thus far. In this review, we discuss variation in human biological aging and the epigenome's role in promoting heterogeneity in human longevity and healthspan. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Anthropology, Volume 52 is October 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

查看原文本刊更多论文

环境、表观遗传学和人类衰老的速度

由于影响衰老过程的基因组和环境之间的复杂相互作用，人类衰老的轨迹因个体而异。同一年龄个体在特定年龄死亡率和疾病风险方面的差异反映了生物衰老速度的变化。参与生物衰老进程的某些机制起源于表观基因组，在表观基因组中，对基因组的化学修饰能够在不修饰潜在DNA序列的情况下改变基因表达。表观基因组是环境信号的接口，这些信号能够“深入皮肤”影响健康和衰老。尽管到目前为止，很少有衰老表型能明确地追溯到其潜在的分子原因，但已经确定了衰老过程中涉及的许多分子机制。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了人类生物衰老的变化以及表观基因组在促进人类寿命和健康跨度异质性中的作用。《人类学年度评论》第52卷预计最终在线出版日期为2023年10月。请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates用于修订估算。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Annual Review of Anthropology ANTHROPOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

3.60%

发文量